ummtaalib

Giving away children's old clothing Q: Is it permissible to give away your child,s clothes or other things that were bought with the intention of it being for that child or bought with money gifted to the child? As I had learnt that you can't give it away unless you seek permission from the child once his of age of you replace it with monetary value. A: If the clothing belongs to the child, it will not be permissible for the parents to give it away without compensating the child with it's monetary value. One easy solution in this situation is that at the time of purchasing things for the child, the parents should make the intention that the purchased items (which are equivalent in value or more than the old clothing) are in lieu of the child's old clothing which they had given away. And Allah Ta'ala (الله تعالى) knows best. وفي الخانية لابأس بتفضيل بعض الأولاد في المحبة لأنها عمل القلب وكذا في العطايا إن لم يقصد به الإضرار وإن قصده فسوى بينهم يعطي البنت كالإبن عند الثاني وعليه الفتوى ولو وهب في صحته كل المال للولد جاز وأثم وفيها لا يجوز أن يهب شيئا من مال طفله ولو بعوض لأنها تبرع ابتداء وفيها ويبيع القاضي ما وهب للصغير حتى لا يرجع الواهب في هبته.(الدر المختار 5/696) ( وبيع الأب مال صغير من نفسه جائز بمثل القيمة وبما يتغابن فيه ) وهو اليسير وإلا لا وهذا كله في المنقول أما في العقار فسيجيء.(الدر المختار 6/709) قال العلامة ابن عابدين رحمه الله:قوله: (وبيع الاب الخ) مثله: ما إذا باعه من أجنبي فثلاث صور في حكم واحد، وهي بيع الاب من نفسه أو من أجنبي، وبيع الوصي من أجنبي ط. قلت: وهذا لو الاب عدلا أو مستورا، فلو فاسدا ففي بيعه المنقول روايتان كما سيأتي والشراء كالبيع. وقال في جامع الفصولين: للاب شراء مال طفله لنفسه بيسير الغبن لا بفاحشة اه. وفيه: لو باع ماله من ولده لا يصير قابضا لولده بمجرد البيع، حتى لو هلك قبل التمكن من قبضه حقيقة هلك على الولد، ولو شرى مال ولده لنفسه لا يبرأ عن الثمن حتى ينصب القاضي وكيلا لولده يأخذ الثمن ثم يرده على الاب ويتم البيع بقوله: بعت من ولدي ولا يحتاج إلى قوله: قبلت، وكذا الشراء، ولو وصيا لم يجز في الوجهين ما لم يقل: قبلت، وجاز للاب لا لوكيله ولا للوصي بيع مال أحد الصغيرين من الآخر.ولو وكل الاب وكيلين بذلك جاز، وفي بيع القاضي ذلك خلاف، ولو وكل الاب رجلا ببيع ماله من طفله أو الشراء منه لم يجز إلا إذا كان الاب حاضرا، ولم يجز للقاضي بيع مال اليتيم من نفسه وعكسه، إذ الجواز من القاضي على وجه الحكم ولا يجوز حكمه لنفسه، بخلاف ما شراه من وصيه أو باعه من اليتيم وقبل وصيه فإنه يجوز لو وصيا من جهة هذا القاضي اه.مخلصا.(رد المحتار 6/709) Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach)

How to create harmony in a marriage Question Is this narration authentic: عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَجِيلَةَ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي قَدْ تَزَوَّجْتُ جَارِيَةً بِكْرًا، وَإِنِّي قَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ تَفْرِكَنِي، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ الْإِلْفَ مِنَ اللَّهِ، وَإِنَّ الْفَرْكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، لِيُكَرِّهَ إِلَيْهِ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَهُ، فَإِذَا أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَيْكَ فَمُرْهَا فَلْتُصَلِّ خَلْفَكَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ: فَذَكَرْتُهُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَقَالَ: قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: وَقُلِ: اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لِي فِي أَهْلِي، وَبَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِيَّ، اللَّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي مِنْهُمْ، وَارْزُقْهُمْ مِنِّي، اللَّهُمَّ اجْمَعْ بَيْنَنَا مَا جَمَعْتَ إِلَى خَيْرٍ، وَفَرِّقْ بَيْنَنَا إِذَا فَرَّقْتَ إِلَى خَيْرٍ Answer Translation Abu Wail (rahimahullah) narrates that a man came to ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (radiyallahu’anhu) from Bajilah and said: ‘I am marrying a virgin girl, and I fear that she may dislike me, so ‘Abdullah mentioned: ‘Love is from Allah, and dislike is [caused] from Shaytan so he may make unattractive what Allah has made permissible for a person. When she enters, command her to perform two rak’ats behind you.’ A’mash (rahimahullah) said, I mentioned this to Ibrahim (Nakha’i), so he said, ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud also said: ‘and say [in du’a after the salah]: O Allah grant me barakah in my family, and grant them barakah from me, O Allah grant me [sustenance, children etc] from them, and grant them the same from me, O Allah keep us together for as long as you do, with goodness, and when you separate us, let it be towards good [conditions that follow].’ Transliteration of this du’a: Allahumma barikli fi ahli, wa barik lahum fiyya. Allahummar zuqni minhum, war zuqhum minni. Allahummaj ma’ baynana ma jama’ta ila khayr, wa farriq baynana idha farraqta ila khayr. Authenticity This narration is recorded with several chains from Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (radiyallahu’anhu) and is classified as authentic. (Musannaf ‘Abdur Razzaq, Hadith: 10460, 10461 and Al-Mu’jamul Kabir, Hadith: 8993.Also see Majma’uz zawaid, vol. 4 pg. 292) Note: There is no harm in doing this even long into one’s marriage, and should not only be understood as a deed for the first meeting with one’s wife. And Allah Ta’ala Knows best, Answered by: Moulana Muhammad Abasoomar hadithanswers

Importance of Observing Purdah Hazrat Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Daamat Barakaatuhu) mentioned: Among the things that the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) enquired from Nabi (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) was a woman’s relationship with her brother-in-law. Nabi (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) replied that he (the brother-in-law) is death. We tend to restrict purdah to outside the home, but in the home we leave out these aspects. There is free mixing between cousins, brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law etc. We do not understand the harms and consequences that arise from this. The children need to be educated regarding the laws of purdah. If nobody speaks about these aspects now, then the consequences are serious. If it’s not in school then it will be through the media and internet that they will become enticed with all sorts of related evils. ihyaauddeen.co.za

Part Eleven Guarding Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam): Hazrat ‘Aa’ishah (radhiyallahu ‘anha) narrates: After migrating to Madinah Munawwarah, on one occasion, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) could not fall asleep during the night (out of fear that the enemy would attack him). It was then that Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said, “If only there was a pious person to guard me tonight.” While we were in that condition, we heard the sound of weapons. Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) asked, “Who is there?” The person replied, “Sa’d bin Abi Waqqaas (radhiyallahu ‘anhu).” Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) asked him, “What has brought you here?” Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) replied, “I feared for your life, O Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam), and so I have come to guard you.” Hearing this, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) made du‘aa for him and thereafter fell asleep. (Sunan Tirmizi #3756, Fat-hul Baari 6/96) Hazrat ‘Aa’ishah (radhiyallahu ‘anha) narrates: Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) would be guarded (by the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum)) until the following verse of the Qur’aan Majeed was revealed: وَ اللّٰہُ یَعصِمُکَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ؕ And Allah Ta‘ala will protect you from the (harm of the) people When the above verse of the Qur’aan Majeed was revealed, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) mentioned to the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum), “O people! Depart, as Allah Ta‘ala has granted me His divine protection.” (Sunan Tirmizi #3046) Source: Whatisislam.co.za

Section on Khushu’ from Ma’ariful Qur’an – a must read! Khushu’: The Humbleness of Heart Verse 45 (Surah Baqarah) speaks of the humble in heart. The “humbleness of heart” (Khushu‘), which the Holy Qur’an and the Hadith speak of, connotes a restfulness of heart and humility arising out of the awareness of Allah’s majesty and of one’s own insignificance in comparison to it. This quality, once acquired, shows its spiritual fruitfulness in making the obedience to Allah and submission to Him easy and pleasant for one; sometimes it reflects itself even in the bodily posture and appearance of the man who has acquired it, for such a man always behaves in a disciplined and polite manner, is modest and humble, and seems to be “broken-hearted”, that is to say, one who has lost all vanity and self-love. If a man does not bear genuine humility and fear of Allah in his heart, he does not, with all his external modesty and downcast looks, really possess the quality of Khushu’ (humbleness of heart). In fact, it is not proper even to show the signs of Khushu’ in one’s behavior deliberately. On seeing a young man sitting with his head bowed down, the rightly-guided Khalifah Sayyidna ‘Umar said: “Raise your head! Humbleness of heart is in the heart.” Ibrahim Nakha’i has said: “Humbleness of heart does not mean wearing rough clothes, eating coarse food and keeping the head bowed down. Humbleness of heart is to treat the high and the low alike in matters of truth, and to keep the heart free to devote itself entirely to Allah and to the performance of what Allah has made obligatory for you.” Similarly, Hasan of Basra has said : “The Caliph ‘Umar would speak loudly enough to be heard, whenever he spoke, would walk swiftly, whenever he walked, and would strike forcefully, whenever he struck a man. All the same, he undoubtedly was a man with a real humbleness of heart.” In short, wearing deliberately and by one’s own choice, the looks of a man who possesses the humbleness of heart is a kind of self-delusion and a ruse of Satan, and hence reprehensible. But if a man happens to manifest such signs without knowing it, he can be excused. (Qurtubi) Let us add that there is another word - Khudu’ - which is often used along with Khushu’, and which appears several times in the Holy Qur’an as well. The two words are almost synonymous. But the word Khushu’, according to its lexical root, refers to the lowering of the voice and of the glance when it is not artificial but arises out of a real modesty and fear of Allah – for example, the Holy Qur’an says: “Voices have been hushed” (20:108). On the other hand, the word “Khudu’” refers to the bodily posture which shows modesty and humility – for example, the Holy Qur’an says: “So their necks will stay humbled to it.” (26:4) We must also define as to what, in the eyes of the Shari’ah, the exact position and value of Khushu’ is with regard to Salah. The Holy Qur’an and the Hadith repeatedly stress its importance as in: “And perform the prayer for the sake of My remembrance.” (20:14) Obviously, forgetfulness is the opposite of remembrance and hence the man who becomes unmindful of Allah while offering Salah, is not fulfilling the obligation of remembering Allah. Another verse says: “Do not be among the unmindful.” (7:205) Similarly, the Holy Prophet has said: “The Salah simply means self-abasement and humility.” Says another hadith: “If his prayers do not restrain a man from immodesty and evil, he goes farther and farther away from Allah.” Salah offered unmindfully does not obviously restrain man from evil deeds, and consequently such a man goes farther and farther away from Allah. Having quoted these verses and ahadith in support of other arguments in his Ihya’ al-’Ulum, Imam al-Ghazali suggests that Khushu’ must then be a necessary condition forSalah, and that its acceptability must depend on it. He adds that, according to the blessed Companion, Mu’adh ibn Jabal and jurists as great as Sufyan al-Thawri and Hasan al-Basri, Salah offered without Khushu’ is not valid. On the other hand, the four great Imams of Islamic jurisprudence and most of the jurists do not hold Khushu’ to be a necessary condition for Salah. In spite of considering it to be the very essence of Salah, they say that the only condition necessary in this respect is that while saying Allahu Akbar at the beginning of the prayers one should turn with all one’s heart to Allah, and have the intention (niyyah) of offering the prayers only for the sake of Allah; if one does not attain Khushu’ in the rest of the prayers, one will not get any reward for that part of the prayers, but, from the point of view of Fiqh(jurisprudence), one will not be charged with having forsaken Salah, nor will one be liable to the punishment which is meted out to those who give up prescribed prayers without a valid excuse. Imam al-Ghazali has provided an explanation for this divergence of view. The Fuqaha(jurists), he points out, are not concerned with inner qualities and states of the heart (Ahwal), but only enunciate the exoteric regulations of the Shari’ah on the basis of the external actions of men’s physical organs – it does not lie within the jurisdiction of Fiqhto decide whether one will get a reward for a certain deed in the other world or not. Khushu’ being an inner state, they have not prescribed it as a necessary condition for the total duration of Salah, but have made the validity of the prayers depend on the lowest degree of Khushu’ - turning, as one begins the prayers, with one’s heart to Allah and having the intention of only worshipping Him. There is another explanation for not making Khushu’ a necessary condition for the total duration of the prayers. In certain other verses, the Holy Qur’an has clearly enunciated the principle which governs legislation in religious matters: nothing is made obligatory for men that should be beyond their endurance and power. Now, except for a few gifted individuals, men in general are incapable of maintaining Khushu’ for the total duration of the prayers; so, in order to avoid compelling men to a task they cannot accomplish, the Fuqaha’ have made Khushu’ a necessary condition only for the beginning of the prayers, and not for the whole duration. In concluding the discussion, Imam al-Ghazali remarks that in spite of the great importance of Khushu’ one can depend on the infinite mercy of Allah, and hope that the man who offers his prayers unmindful will not be counted among those who give up the prayers altogether, for he has tried to fulfil the obligation, has turned his heart away from everything to concentrate his attention on Allah even for a few moments, and has been mindful of Allah alone at least while forming his intention for the prayers. Offering one’s prayers in this half-hearted manner has, to say the least, the merit of keeping one’s name excluded from the list of those who habitually disobey Allah and forsake the prescribed prayers altogether. In short, this is a matter in which hope and fear both are involved there is the fear of having incurred punishment as well as the hope of being ultimately forgiven. So, one should try one’s best to get rid of one’s laziness and indifference. But it is the mercy of Allah alone which can help one to succeed in this effort.

Arsonist or Fire Fighter? This world is a coin. It has two faces. Both joined together but both different; often the opposite of one another. I am speaking about social media, the coin which on one side has convenience, communication and companionship and on the other, lies, ignorance and hatred. Both made possible by technology which like all technology is value neutral. What we forget is that technology is a knife, which in the hands of a surgeon, can save a life, while in the hands of Macbeth, took one. One of the plagues of our times is what is being called ‘Fake news’. News with a spin has been around for a long time. The days when journalists were the conscience of society, warriors for justice and the shield of the downtrodden, are long gone. Most journalists are today the willing slaves of their employers and news channels are really ad agencies creating sales spiel. Truthfulness, veracity, integrity and courage have all been sacrificed at the altar of TRP ratings or political leanings. Spin doctors rule the roost. Sales figures are the ultimate criterion for all decision making. Truth be damned. I am reminded of the story of a farmer named Donald who had a donkey which was old, stubborn and lazy. The man got so sick of that donkey that he decided to sell it. Sunday was the market day and so he took his donkey to the market to sell it. As Donald was standing there, a man came and asked him, ‘How much for this donkey?’ Donald replied, ‘One hundred dollars.’ ‘It looks like a fine donkey. Good, here’s the money. Let me have him.’ ‘Please wait a minute’, said Donald. ‘I am an honest man. I must tell you about this donkey before you take him home. He is old, stubborn and lazy. If you still want him, he is yours.’ The man looked at Donald and said, ‘There are very few people like you in the world, who have the integrity to speak the truth even at their own cost. I greatly appreciate your honesty and will always remember this meeting of ours. Let me see if I can find another donkey. I don’t think I can afford this one.’ This story repeated all day. At the end of the day, Donald had a host of pleasant memories of the good things people told him but he still had his donkey. Sadly, he started to wind his way home with his donkey on its lead. As he was about to leave the market area, a man came up to him and said, ‘Sir, I am an agent. I sell livestock. I have been watching you all day. I appreciate your honesty but please allow me to tell you that you, will never be able to sell that donkey. I suggest instead, that you allow me to sell the donkey and I will charge you a 10% commission. I am a professional and I have a very good track record. You can ask anyone about me.’ Donald was happy to hear this but said to the agent, ‘I am happy to accept your offer, but I have one condition. You must tell the people about this donkey. I don’t want anyone to buy this donkey under any false impression. It is old, lazy and stubborn and I want whoever buys it, to know this. If you are willing to accept this condition, then I am willing to accept your offer.’ The agent agreed to the condition and promised to pick the donkey up the following Sunday. Next Sunday the agent arrived early in the morning and led the donkey away to the market. A little later, Donald also decided to go to the market so that he could take the sale proceeds from his donkey and buy another one, because he needed a donkey for his work. As he arrived there, he saw the agent standing on a soap box, with many donkeys tethered behind him and a big crowd of people surrounding him. The man was auctioning the donkeys. Donald joined the crowd, standing at the back where he could get a place. ‘Ladies and gentlemen’, shouted the agent. ‘You saw those before you, buy some excellent donkeys. Many of you bid for them but couldn’t get them. But please don’t worry, I now have a donkey for you which excels them all. But before I open the bidding, please allow me to tell you something about this exceptional animal. He is so special that I hesitate even to call him an animal. He is the greatest donkey that I have ever known in my long years in this profession. He is a donkey with three very special qualities. The first quality is that he has a lot of life experience. He has seen life. He has seen its ups and downs, its joys and tragedies. He knows the morning mists and orange dusks, the turn of the seasons and the fall of rain. He has seen kings and kingdoms, rise and fall and through all this, he learned, he reflected and he accumulated wisdom. As I said, he has a lot of life experience. His second quality is that he has a mind of his own. He is a willing servant, not a slave. If you say, ‘Jump’, he won’t ask, ‘How high?’ He will ask, ‘Why?’ But once you convince him, nobody can jump higher than he can. What is the good of wisdom if you don’t use it? That is the motto of this donkey; If you have it, use it. He has it and he uses it. His third quality is that he knows the meaning of leisure. He knows that all work and no play make Jack a dull boy. Believe me, this donkey is anything but dull. He is spontaneous, humorous and energetic. He knows the importance of relaxation, of meditation and of sleep. There is much that you can learn about your own lifestyle by being in the company of this donkey. For this reason, because we have a very special donkey, I propose we start the bidding at $200.’ Donald was delighted. ‘How fortunate I am’, said Donald to himself. ‘I need a donkey and here is one that seems so full of great things that I must have him.’ The bidding was rapidly going on. Donald joined the bidding and finally the donkey was sold to Donald for $400. When Donald went to pay the agent, and collect the donkey that he had bought, to his utter disgust, he saw that it was his own donkey that he had bought. He was livid. He said to the agent, ‘You deceived me. You didn’t speak the truth.’ The man replied, ‘But I did. I just said it differently. You said the donkey was old; I said that he was experienced. You said that he was stubborn; I said that he was wise and so needed to be convinced about the need to do your bidding. You said that the donkey was lazy; I said that he knew the value of leisure. How is that lying or cheating?’ Donald was stumped. Just as our audience is stumped, when our journalists today, spin their yarns and tell their tales in ways that make history vanish and mythology real. They make numbers jump through hoops to show economic growth where there is only ruin and despair. They conduct investigations without police, trials without judges and executions without the hangman, all in their media rooms or newsprint. They are artists and their canvas is the lives of people and nations. Their paint is the blood of innocents diluted with the tears of children who don’t even understand what is going on. They win Pulitzer Prizes for photographs of the starving, the dying and the dead. They make millions, are applauded and toasted, while the starving, starve and the dying, die. Change is not on the agenda. Only TRP ratings and paper sales. But I am not talking about this. I am talking about another kind of calamity that has befallen us, which is in the hands of everyone with a camera phone. The calamity of fake news. Videos are made and then attributed to others to convey a specific message. A message of hatred. Some of the videos are of real events but are attributed falsely; like the video of Pakistani boys rejoicing at the Pakistani team’s win in an India-Pakistan cricket match. This was spread on social media saying that it was Indian Muslims rejoicing at Pakistan’s win and so it proves that they are anti-national traitors. Or another of a young woman who was beaten bloody and then set on fire, claiming that she was a Hindu girl who had married a Muslim boy and was being punished for that. Actually, it was a scene from Guatemala where the girl was a member of a motorcycle gang which murdered a man and ran away. The girl got caught and was summarily executed by a mob, with police standing mute witness. Despicable as it is, it was not something that happened in India at all. But it was used to ignite Hindu Muslim hatred. There are many others to the extent that this has become an epidemic which like all epidemics takes its toll. The resultant hatred that has spread all over India is cause of real concern. It is therefore time to sit up and take note. What must be done to combat this epidemic of fake news? Here are the steps: 1. Never forward anything until you have verified its source and are certain about what it really is. 2. If you still can’t find out if the message or video is fact or fake, DON’T FORWARD IT. 3. Once you find out the truth, ask yourself why you want to forward it at all. What will happen because of your forwarding? What will happen if you don’t forward it? 4. Then take a conscious, responsible and informed decision to forward or delete. 5. Forwarding with the disclaimer, ‘Forwarded as received’, shows that at best you are highly irresponsible and at worst, a mischief maker. In both cases, not fit to associate with. So please think about this before blindly forwarding things. 6. If you get fake news and have the time to check its veracity, then please inform all you can that it is fake and what the real news is. Let the liars be exposed. Remember that fake news is a living media and your forwarding, is its oxygen. Stop forwarding and it dies. People who create or propagate fake news (and you may unwittingly be one of them) are like arsonists who go around setting fires. Remember that all fires burn and the result is always ash. It doesn’t matter who set the fire or why. Fire fighters are moral, sensible, responsible and put out fires. Ask yourself if you are an arsonist or a fire fighter. Mirza Yawar Baig Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

The Need to Seek Clarification for all Deeni Matters Hazrat Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Daamat Barakaatuhu) mentioned: Imaam Shaafi‘ee (rahmatullahi ‘alaih) is reported to have said that it is better to undergo temporary disgrace by asking a question than to remain ignorant. It is the system of Allah Ta‘ala that there will always be two classes of people; those who know and those who don’t know. It is the duty of those who do not know to ask and enquire. The benefit of asking is that one is clear and confident about what he is doing, while the consequence of not enquiring is that one will always be stormed with doubts and unclarity regarding certain aspects. We generally confine our queries and questions to matters that relate to our outer-selves, whereas deen applies to the inner-self as well. The Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) would enquire regarding aspects of ikhlaas etc. These are all related to the inner-self. They never felt shy to enquire about any matter. Ihyaauddeen.co.za

Cling to the feet of your mother, for Paradise lies there Haqqseeker Let us for a while turn the clock backwards to a point some 25 years back. Time: 2.15 am On an unpleasantly cold, mystifying night the moon is sheltered by the murky looming clouds. The night’s eerie silence is punctuated only by an occasional bark of a dog or by a cacophony caused by two cats fighting. Suddenly the oppressive regime of the night is sharply interrupted by a very shrill scream… And what happens next? A woman suddenly gets up from her deep slumber and throws her blanket aside… Please do not take this to be the beginning of a horror story or a thriller. This is the narration of a scene of reality that you would witness in every home where there are babies. The scream in this particular story is that of a baby boy and the woman who gets up instantly on hearing this scream is none other than his mother. Like all other infants this boy too has absolutely no sense of timing and neither is he bothered about the fact that his mother badly needs a good night’s sleep after a hard day’s work. The most amazing thing, however, is that the mother wakes up from her sleep at such an odd hour, nurses her baby and attends to all his needs, including changing his nappy, with all her heart and without even a sign of irritation. - - - And now, twenty five years later, let us witness what transpires between the same boy and his mother. Time: 10 pm It is a very pleasant cloudless night with the full moon radiating a soothing glow of light. The young man and his wife are in their bedroom. Both are engrossed in their Smartphones. Suddenly they hear the gentle voice of the husband’s mother. She is calling her son from her bedroom and her voice is reflecting pain. The man asks his wife to go and see why she is calling. The wife refuses to go. She says she is busy chatting with her friend in WhatsApp. The man stands up and proceeds towards his mother’s bedroom. Standing on the doorway, he says in an irritated voice, “Mom, what is wrong? Why are you calling me? You know that after a hard day’s work, this is the only time we get to relax.” “I am sorry I could not help calling you. I have an unbearable pain in my head and since your father is away, I was wondering if you or your wife could massage my head.” “But Mom, why don’t you take some painkillers?” says the man. “It’s okay, my love, don’t worry. Go back to your room. I will manage somehow,” says the mother. Narrated above is one of the scenes taking place in many homes, with slight variations here and there. It is a pity that the man in the above narration forgets that it is the same woman who, with the grace of Allah, has brought him to this world after suffering all kinds of pains and discomforts for more than nine long months; it is the same woman who used to wake up at odd hours just to attend to his needs and to see that he remained at ease, it is the same woman who fed him with her milk; it is the same woman for whom he meant the entire world so much so that she was prepared to suffer any kind of hardship just to see that her ‘bundle of joy’ was happy and comfortable. Allah, the most glorified, the most high, has placed a unique and a very strong magnetic bond between the mother and her baby. This is the relationship that, when felt to its deepest degree, causes the mother to feel that the baby is a part of her. This feeling is so strong that the mother feels complete when she is with her baby and incomplete when they are apart. The meaning of being a mother is virtually endless. A mother is a protector, a guide and very close friend for her child. A mother is a selfless, loving human who is ready to sacrifice many of their wants and needs for the wants and needs of their children. A mother works hard to make sure her child is equipped with the knowledge, skills and abilities to make it as a competent human being. Being a mother is perhaps the hardest, most rewarding job a woman will ever experience. In Islam motherhood has been given a very high status. Allah, the Most High, says in Noble Qur’an: “We enjoined man to treat his parents kindly. His mother bore him with hardship and delivered him with hardship and his bearing and weaning are in thirty months…” (Qur’an 46:15) The emphasis on obedience and kindness to parents is of such a high and prior degree that the Qur’an couples the sin of disobedience to parents to disobedience to Allah the Most High. It is, in fact, likened to shirk (associating partners with Allah), hence the Qur’an Majeed says in a number of places: “Do not commit shirk with Allah and be kind to parents…” After prohibiting shirk, the Qur’an prohibits disobedience to parents. A disobedient child lives under Divine curse. Between our two parents, our mother has obviously been accorded a much higher status as we can see in the following hadeeth: Abu Huraira reported: A man asked the Messenger of Allah, Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, “Who is most deserving of my good company?” The Prophet said, “Your mother.” The man asked, “Then who?” The Prophet said “Your mother.” The man asked again, “Then who?” The Prophet said, “Your mother.” The man asked again, “Then who?” The Prophet said, “Your father.” (Bukhārī, Muslim) The golden pages of Islamic history has a very inspiring example of a man called Owais Qarni who secured a very high position after serving his mother. ‘Usair Ibn ‘Amr relates that Umar Ibn Al-Khatab, Allah be pleased with him, whenever reinforcement came from Yemen, would ask them whether ‘Uwais Ibn Amer was among them. This continued until he met ‘Uwais Ibn Amer, Allah be pleased with him. He asked him are you ‘Uwais Ibn Amer?” When he answered “Yes,” Umar asked him, “Are you from the tribe of Murad from the clan of Qaran?” He answered “Yes.” Then he asked him, “Did you suffer from leprosy and you were cured of it except for the spot as large as a dirham (coin)?” He answered in the affirmative. Then he asked him “Do you have a mother (who is still living)?” He also answered in the affirmative. Then Umar said he had heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying, “A man called ‘Uwais Ibn Amer will come to you with reinforcements coming from Yemem. He is from Murad then from Qaran; he used to suffer from leprosy but he was cured of it except for a spot as large as a dirham; he is benevolent with his mother; [he is so close to Allah that] if he swears, Allah will fulfil his oath. If you can ask him to supplicate to Allah to forgive you, do.” Umar asked him to supplicate to Allah to forgive him, and ‘Uwais Ibn Amer did. (Gardens of the Virtuous complied by Al-Imam Al-Nawawi) As long as your mother is around, love her and serve her as much as you can. A time will come when your mother will have gone very far from you and you will never be able see her even for a moment. In conclusion here is a hadeeth that very appropriately illustrates the rightful status of a mother: Mu’awiyah ibn Jahima reported: Jahima came to the Prophet, Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, and he said, “O Messenger of Allah, I intend to join the expedition and I seek your advice.” The Prophet said, “Do you have a mother?” He said yes. The Prophet said, “Stay with her, for Paradise is beneath her feet.” (Sunan al-Nasā’ī 3104) So revere your mother and cling to her feet, for Jannah lies there! Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

New York – I was raised in a culture (and a family) where drinking is normal and encouraged. It is simply what people do and never questioned. Drinking is also viewed as a measure of one’s courage and strength, a sort of drinking machismo. The more alcohol you can ingest and the better you are at “holding your liquor,” the braver you are. I quickly internalized this message and felt proud when, at the age of 19, I could drink more than my father without collapsing or getting ill. I would notice how much my father drank, made a mental note of it, and strive to have one more drink than he did, all while trying my best to ‘act normal.’ I began drinking when I was 16. I drank with my family in social occasions and with my friends when we went out. This was the norm in Mexico, where I grew up. Sixteen-year-olds go out to lounges to drink, dance and talk with their friends. Then they drive home because at that age, many kids have cars already. I didn’t but some of my friends did. There was nothing unusual about this; it was completely acceptable in that society. I graduated with the best GPA of my class and did not drink excessively until later. By the time I left home, at 18, and was in college, my drinking had increased. It was typical for most college students to drink a lot and I never saw it as problematic. I would visit my parents in Juarez every Sunday and drink with them, then drive across the border back to my apartment in El Paso, Texas. These are adjacent towns that form one continuous big city, merely divided by the international bridge, so driving back and forth between the two countries is simple, the way one would go from Queens to Manhattan, for example. I remember when I was 19, I showed up at home for my sister’s 15th birthday quite intoxicated, yet continued to drink wine with my parents. When my father noticed the entire bottle was gone, he got upset and told me I would not be drinking any more at the restaurant. Once there though, he was feeling loving and happy, so he hugged me, gave me a kiss and ordered me a Campari. In college, I drank frequently and greatly enjoyed it. I felt grown up, sophisticated and intellectual, especially when in bars with my professors and graduate student friends, who invariably drank less than I did. I used to drink tequila like it was water and felt proud of this, attributing my ‘ability’ to being Mexican. I remember my college graduation in this way: Thousands of students in their black caps and gowns smiling, laughing and looking elated to be finally done with school. But I felt sad to leave my university behind because I was so happy there, full of possibilities, freedom and knowledge. And surrounded by amazing professors, mentors and friends. I successfully held back the tears and acted like the others. At my graduation dinner, the most important guest for me was my psychology professor and advisor, with whom I had worked closely and gotten to know well since my second day in college. I felt honored he had chosen to attend my celebration among all the parties of his others graduating students. His wife was also there as were another professor I highly esteemed and a judge I had interned for in my last year of school. Of course my friends and family were also present. We were in a beautiful Italian bistro and Zayra, one of my best friends, sat next to me, and she didn’t drink alcohol. I decided this was lucky for me because nobody would notice if I drank for two people. The waiter kept refilling both our glasses and bringing more and more bottles of wine to the table. I drank Zayra’s wine glass and mine each time they were refilled. I drank bottles of wine that night and didn’t have any food. I was so young then and full of life and was generally known to have an extravagant character, so nobody paid attention to how much I actually drank or found it strange. I was too inebriated to drive and Zayra drove my red Dodge Ram to my apartment, where my parents also went in their own car for an “after party.” We had more drinks. I was conscious and remember the night relatively well and as a happy occasion. I describe these events to give a glimpse into what drinking was like for me growing up. It wasn’t a forbidden activity I did to be rebellious, or something my parents disapproved of, but the opposite. They viewed it as a pleasurable social activity. The years passed and I was living in New York as a Columbia law student. Every week there were several events with alcohol at the school. Some of them started at noon. If they were at noon, beer was served. If they were later, wine. If they were fancy, of which there was never a short supply given this is an Ivy League school and one of the most prestigious educational institutions in the country, there were premium liquors and expensive wines. By then, I was in my early twenties and highly addicted to alcohol and the drinking lifestyle. I drank excessively throughout law school. It is to me a complete miracle that I managed to graduate with good grades, pass the bar exam on the first attempt, and get hired by a top Wall Street firm all while my brain was soaked in alcohol. I spent many of my law school days sick in bed from too much drink. I was depressed. I was expecting to love law school as I did college, but I did not like it at all. I found the people shallow and materialistic. I spent the majority of my time away from it, reading literature and exploring New York City, the museums, the opera, and of course, the bars and restaurants. I didn’t think much of my drinking because as of then, every person in my life drank and encouraged me to do the same. Lawyers have the highest rate of alcoholism of any profession and when a new attorney is admitted to the New York State Bar (no pun intended), we are required to sit for a 3 hour lecture at the courthouse to be warned about the perils of alcoholism, drug addiction and suicide. Apparently we are also on top of the list for suicides in the US. At this session, they told us there is a 24-hour hotline for lawyers who feel they want to end their lives or have lost control of their alcohol or drug consumption. The big New York law firms, which have frequent recruiting events at the top tier schools, supply unlimited alcohol to students, and later, to young associates. I went to so many parties in the best restaurants and bars in Manhattan that were hosted by these firms so we could ‘get to know’ the associates and partners and consider going to work for them. I remember long nights at Flute, drinking champagne with these lawyers, wine parties held at the firms’ offices, and tequila tastings at Centrico, an upscale Mexican restaurant in Tribeca that featured 500-dollar tequila bottles. I hated all of it: the pretension, the environment, and the law, but loved the alcohol. I remember my two best friends and I, two guys I had also gone to college with in Texas, going straight for the bar in these events and sneaking around the room to avoid having conversations with the lawyers, who all looked pretty miserable to us. If they came our way, we walked in the opposite direction. We drank and laughed and rarely talked to them. It seemed this was the life we were to aspire to. Once we became associates, absurdly expensive lunches and dinners at Chanterelle and Nobu were the norm and we were paid very well. At 26, I had two secretaries, was making $165,000 plus bonus and had an office overlooking the Brooklyn Bridge. This was it. After all the waitressing, telephone operator, tutor, hotel clerk, and room service jobs I’d had in college, I was finally at the ‘ultimate’ job. I was doing well at my firm and was generally liked and respected. But I felt utterly miserable. I became obsessed with the idea that I was selling my time and intellect, and in general, my life, in exchange for a lot of money earned doing things I believed were wrong. And so, a year and a half after getting this impressive job, I quit. The partner I informed of my resignation was in shock. Nobody does this. He told me to take 3 months off, paid, and think about it. All I wanted was freedom. Three months meant more than 36,000 dollars. Still, I said no. I was sure I wanted out. I felt happy and free and as if my life force returned when I left. But the drinking habit stayed and became more and more destructive. I worked at many jobs since then, traveled the world, had good and bad relationships, but I could never control my drinking, no matter how hard I tried. I could drink huge amounts. My tolerance was high and many of my nights were spent out drinking. And many of my days wasted feeling sick and exhausted. The Unbearable Void I believe I drank because I had no higher purpose and no true belief in God. I felt a huge emptiness that I didn’t know how to fill. The material aspirations of others did not interest me much. I could not relate to them and accomplishing financial and career goals did not seem worthwhile enough to sell my time in exchange. I had relationships, which also failed to fill this void. I was not spiritual then. I believed in being a good person (to others) and in the general existence of a Creator; not much else. My life outlook was small and quite self-centered. I loved writing and literature but I could not write; my mind and energy were scattered and I didn’t see the point of anything. If the ultimate goal in life was a great job like the one I had gotten and left, I was simply not interested and now, now what? I had so much energy and didn’t know what to do with it. All my life I have been blessed with large amounts of emotional and physical energy, which, if misdirected or not channeled into creative or artistic outlets can get me into colossal types of troubles. My drinking was out of control and I felt anxious when I did not drink. I wanted to stop. I did therapy, twelve-step groups, read self-help and spiritual books constantly, but it all remained external to me, beautiful words that elevated me briefly, but did not produce any change. No matter how many I read, I always thought the next book I discovered would be “it,” the one that would cure me of my ailments. Years went by like this. Trying to quit drinking, but not managing to. I attempted to stop a number of times too large to remember. My mother, by then concerned about it, would warn me I would damage my liver, remind me that I had lost an uncle to cirrhosis –he was a brilliant and wonderful human being–, that my grandfather, another extremely intelligent man, and a writer, was also an alcoholic who died an alcoholic, and that I was ‘on time’ because I was young and still had my health. I wanted to. I really did. And I tried with all my might. But I could not stop. I didn’t know the reason for this until recently. I could not quit no matter how much I tried because very little is accomplished through will power alone. I vividly remember Dr. Sultan’s voice telling me these words, and I remember the café and the table I was sitting at while talking with him on the phone. We were discussing something else. At this time, the drinking demon had already left me. But I understood how it happened only then. What Dr. Sultan said exactly (I wrote it down) was this: “Prayer is our conversation with God, what you ask, He will give you. If you want expansion, or want purpose, you should ask God. Very little is accomplished with will power. Prophet Muhammad achieved so much success in his life through prayer.” This was a revelation to me. So this was why fighting with myself and attempting to control my behavior on my own had never worked. The idea of prayer, God, or anything to do with religion, was something I previously rejected because I viewed it as dogma and a series of man-made rules and restrictions meant to control and oppress people. I still view certain approaches to religion this way. However, the power of true spirituality is so enormous that there is no force like it on the planet. I have experienced this personally and it is not imaginary; it is very real. The divine energy that creates life, what we call God, is the only thing that can truly help us and heal us from any and all diseases. The fact that I am writing this is astonishing even to myself. Back to how my drinking was cured: It happened in a miraculous way. When I became Muslim, I began to pray, fasted in Ramadan, and all the usual. I felt better when I stopped drinking during Ramadan but then, I would go back to the bars right after Eid, usually with my North African Muslim friends. The deep and permanent change happened when I began to attend the Quran Discussions that Dr. Sultan leads. When I met him, he gave me the impression of being an authentic teacher who had personally experienced the transformative power of true spirituality and who lived by his teachings, which come from the wisdom in the Quran. He spoke in a logical way, was down to earth and an incredibly practical person, a scientist. I decided to trust him completely. When I had doubts on any subject about what would be the best thing for me to do, I trusted his judgment because I did not yet trust my own. (His advice and teachings always lead a student to develop self-trust and be able to think and decide for herself, never to obey anybody else, but trusting oneself takes time). I did every exercise Dr. Sultan recommended. I spent most of my free time reading, taking notes and making my own summaries of these teachings and of the suras of the Quran we were discussing. I surrounded myself with people who are interested in spiritual growth. I attended every single meeting Dr. Sultan had in Manhattan and in Long Island. I have never missed one in over eight months, thank God. This is not typical of me. I have trouble being consistent and have struggled with discipline all my life. This guidance, magical discipline and healing, are nothing but the Grace and Mercy of God. The Quran says of those who are lost that “when they find guidance they do not hold on to it” (7:146). I found guidance and, thanks to God’s Mercy, I’ve held on to it. I have met many Muslims who struggle with addiction, and feel so ashamed because drinking is ‘haram’ in Islam, so they do not seek help. I wanted to share this story because of that. Only love and acceptance can help a person heal. Shaming does the opposite. God, through active spiritual work, can heal us of all sorts of things and in the most magical of ways. And God is acceptance and unconditional love. I believe there is nothing positive, modern or sophisticated about drinking. There is deep wisdom in Islam deeming alcohol to be ‘haram’. But only if you understand why it is haram. It is haram because it is destructive, not because some sheikh demonizes the ‘Western’ way of life, or because the alcohol in and of itself is evil or because of an ‘archaic’ Islamic prohibition. Anybody who has struggled with addiction would agree that drinking is haram. It is a waste of life. It is a waste of all our precious talents and faculties. This is why it is haram. It is poison that we are ingesting. Some people can drink a glass of wine with dinner, and for them, wine is food; this is different. For others, alcohol is a dark, false solace that drains our life force away. There are endless worthwhile pursuits we can invest our time and energy in instead of this. As if by magic, I feel no desire to drink. It is not a struggle. I am not controlling myself in any way nor do I feel afraid of alcohol. I simply cannot understand how I lived as I once did. I value my time, my faculties, and my life enormously and it seems repulsive to throw them away in drinking as if they were garbage. Drowning in alcohol appears to me now an insult to myself and to God. How to explain that after all these years, the demon of alcohol addiction left me suddenly, one day, like magic? I can only explain it as a miracle from God, a strength that is not mine. It had nothing to do with discipline, will power or struggle. I prayed for guidance and healing and God sent them to me. The desire for alcohol simply vanished. Completely. I see this past life as if it belonged to somebody else, because it did and I am infinitely grateful. Source

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Part Ten Archery (continued): Hazrat ‘Aamir (rahimahullah), the son of Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), narrates the following from Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu): During the Battle of Khandaq (the Battle of the Trench), there was a disbeliever carrying a shield. He would use the shield to cover his face, and he would thereafter lower it (in order to see). I reached for my quiver and extracted an arrow that was blood-stained. I placed the arrow in my bow, and as soon as he lowered the shield, I fired. I will not forget the manner in which the shaft of the arrow fell onto such-and-such portion of the shield (after striking the disbeliever). When the arrow struck him, the disbeliever fell, raising his legs into the air. On this occasion, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) smiled until his blessed teeth could be seen. Hazrat ‘Aamir (rahimahullah) says, “I asked Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) why Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) had smiled. Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) replied, ‘He smiled at the action of the disbeliever (i.e. the manner in which Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) had killed the disbeliever).” (Musnad Ahmed #1620) Imaam Muslim (rahimahullah) has narrated a similar narration from Hazrat ‘Aamir (rahimahullah) in which Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) said the following: During the Battle of Uhud, Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) made special du‘aa for me saying, “Fire the arrow! May my father and mother be sacrificed for you!” There was a man from the disbelievers who had caused great harm to the believers. Nabi (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) said to me in regard to this disbeliever, “Fire the arrow! May my father and mother be sacrificed for you!” I thus pulled a sharp arrow that was without a blade at the front. I fired it, hitting him on his side. When the arrow hit him, he fell to the ground and his ‘awrah became exposed. Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) then smiled until I could see his blessed teeth (out of happiness that the enemy of Islam, who had harmed so many Muslims, had been killed).” (Saheeh Muslim #2412) Source: Whatisislam.co.za

Hadith on the Virtues of Knowledge The Angels Expressing Love for the Seekers of Knowledge عن صفوان بن عسال المرادي رضي الله عنه قال أتيت النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم وهو في المسجد متكىء على برد له أحمر فقلت له يا رسول الله إني جئت أطلب العلم فقال مرحبا بطالب العلم إن طالب العلم تحفه الملائكة بأجنحتها ثم يركب بعضهم بعضا حتى يبلغوا السماء الدنيا من محبتهم لما يطلب. رواه أحمد والطبراني بإسناد جيد واللفظ له وابن حبان في صحيحه والحاكم وقال صحيح الإسناد (الترغيب والترهيب 1/122) Hadhrat Safwaan bin Assaal (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports: “On one occasion I came to Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) while he was in the Musjid reclining on his red shawl. I said: “O Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), I have come to seek the knowledge of Deen.” Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) replied: “Welcome to the seeker of knowledge. Certainly the angels throng around the one seeking knowledge and cover him with their wings (from all sides), then they make a line going up to the sky in the manner that each angel climbs on the other till they reach the sky. They do this in expression of love for the one who is treading on the path of seeking knowledge.” People Gathering to Learn and Teach the Qur’an عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم من نفس عن مؤمن كربة من كرب الدنيا نفس الله عنه كربة من كرب يوم القيامة ومن ستر مسلما ستره الله في الدنيا والآخرة ومن يسر على معسر يسر الله عليه في الدنيا والآخرة والله في عون العبد ما كان العبد في عون أخيه ومن سلك طريقا يلتمس فيه علما سهل الله له به طريقا إلى الجنة وما اجتمع قوم في بيت من بيوت الله يتلون كتاب الله ويتدارسونه بينهم إلا حفتهم الملائكة ونزلت عليهم السكينة وغشيتهم الرحمة وذكرهم الله فيمن عنده ومن أبطأ به عمله لم يسرع به نسبه. رواه مسلم وأبو داود والترمذي والنسائي وابن ماجه وابن حبان في صحيحه والحاكم وقال صحيح على شرطهما (الترغيب والترهيب 1/119) Hazrat Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “Whoever removes a minor difficulty of a Muslim in this world, Allah Ta’ala will remove his major difficulty on the day of Qiyaamah. And whoever conceals the fault of a Muslim, Allah Ta’ala will conceal his faults in this world and the Hereafter. And whoever deals gently and grants respite to a person in financial difficulty, Allah Ta’ala will make his affairs easy in this world and the Hereafter. Allah Ta’ala assists the servant as long as he assists his brother. And the one who treads a path seeking the knowledge of Deen, Allah Ta’ala makes his path towards Jannah easy. And whenever a group of people gather in one of the houses of Allah Ta’ala, reciting the Qur’an and learning and teaching it, the angels surround the gathering on all sides, sakeenah (peace and tranquility) descend upon them, the mercy of Allah Ta’ala enshrouds them, and Allah Ta’ala mentions them (by way of appreciation) to those around Him (His angels). And the one who is left behind by his deeds, his (high) lineage will not make him go ahead.” A Reward for Learning and Teaching Deen عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم ما من رجل تعلم كلمة أو كلمتين أو ثلاثا أو أربعا أو خمسا مما فرض الله عز و جل فيتعلمهن ويعلمهن إلا دخل الجنة قال أبو هريرة فما نسيت حديثا بعد إذ سمعتهن من رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم رواه أبو نعيم وإسناده حسن لو صح سماع الحسن من أبي هريرة (الترغيب والترهيب 1/126) Hazrat Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “Any person who learns one, or two, or three, or four, or five aspects of Deen which Allah Ta’ala has made Fardh; he learns it and teaches it (to others), will enter Jannah.” Hazrat Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) says: “I did not forget a single Hadith after hearing these words from Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam).” The Most Virtuous Form of Sadaqah عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال أفضل الصدقة أن يتعلم المرء المسلم علما ثم يعلمه أخاه المسلم رواه ابن ماجه بإسناد حسن من طريق الحسن أيضا عن أبي هريرة (الترغيب والترهيب 1/126) Hazrat Abu Hurayrah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “The most virtuous form of sadaqah is that a person learns some knowledge of Deen and thereafter teaches it to his Muslim brother.” Two Enviable People وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم لا حسد إلا في اثنتين رجل آتاه الله مالا فسلطه على هلكته في الحق ورجل آتاه الله الحكمة فهو يقضي بها ويعلمها رواه البخاري ومسلم (الترغيب والترهيب 1/127) Hadhrat ibn Mas’ood (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “Envy is not permissible except in regard to two types of people. The first person is the one whom Allah Ta’ala has blessed with wealth and Allah Ta’ala blesses him with the ability to spend it in the correct manner. The second person is the one whom Allah Ta’ala has blessed with Deeni knowledge, and he correctly practises upon it and imparts it to others.” The Example of the One who Learns Deen and Propagates it عن أبي موسى رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم مثل ما بعثني الله به من الهدى والعلم كمثل غيث أصاب أرضا فكانت منها طائفة طيبة قبلت الماء وأنبتت الكلأ والعشب الكثير فكان منها أجادب أمسكت الماء فنفع الله بها الناس فشربوا منها وسقوا وزرعوا وأصاب طائفة أخرى منها إنما هي قيعان لا تمسك ماء ولا تنبت كلأ فذلك مثل من فقه في دين الله تعالى ونفعه ما بعثني الله به فعلم وعلم ومثل من لم يرفع بذلك رأسا ولم يقبل هدى الله الذي أرسلت به رواه البخاري ومسلم (الترغيب والترهيب 1/127) Hazrat Abu Musa (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “The example of the guidance and knowledge which Allah Ta’ala has sent me with is like abundant rain which fell on a land. A fertile portion of it absorbed the water and caused grass and abundant vegetation to grow. From the land (upon which the rain had fallen) was a portion of ground which was hard and rocky and retained the water, by which Allah Ta’ala caused people to benefit. They drank from it, gave their animals water and irrigated their crops. And (the rain water) reached another piece of the land which was barren; it could neither retain the water nor cause the crops to grow. This (the first two types of lands) is the example of the person who acquired the correct understanding of Deen and the knowledge which Allah Ta’ala has sent me with had benefitted him. Hence, he learned (the knowledge of Deen) and imparted it to others. And this (the third type of land) is the example of the person who neither showed any regard and importance to the knowledge of Deen, nor did he accept the guidance of Allah Ta’ala which I have been sent with.” If one wishes to hear a Deeni discourse over a CD, radio, receiver etc. then it is important for one to first find out the reliability of the person who had delivered the discourse as well as the subject matter that had been discussed. Not exercising caution in this regard leads to confusion being created in one’s Deen. قال محمد بن سيرين رحمه الله: إنَّ هَذَا العِلْمَ دِينٌ فَانْظُرُوا عَمَّن تَأخُذُونَ دِينَكُم (شمائل الترمذي) Hadhrat Muhammad ibn Seereen (Rahmatullahi Alaih) had stated: “Indeed this knowledge is your Deen, so be careful from whom you acquire your Deen.” A Benefit of Imparting Deeni Knowledge وعن سهل بن معاذ بن أنس عن أبيه رضي الله عنهم أن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال من علم علما فله أجر من عمل به لا ينقص من أجر العامل شيء رواه ابن ماجه (الترغيب والترهيب 1/130) Hadhrat Mu’aadh bin Anas (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “The one who imparts some knowledge of Deen to others, then he will receive the reward of all those who practice upon it, without the reward of those who practice upon it decreasing in any way.” The Status of the Aalim and the Muta’allim عن أبي أمامة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم عليكم بهذا العلم قبل أن يقبض وقبضه أن يرفع وجمع بين إصبعيه الوسطى والتي تلي الإبهام هكذا ثم قال العالم والمتعلم شريكان في الخير ولا خير في سائر الناس رواه ابن ماجه من طريق علي بن يزيد عن القاسم عنه (الترغيب والترهيب 1/129) Hadhrat Abu Umaamah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “Hold firm onto this knowledge (of Deen) before it is taken away (from the world), and the manner in which it will be taken away is that it will be raised (from the world through the passing away of the people of knowledge).” He then joined his middle finger with his index finger and thereafter said: “The Aalim (one who imparts the knowledge of Deen) and the muta’allim (the one who learns Deen) are partners in good in this way (as my both fingers are joined together), and (apart from these two classes of people whose endeavour is aimed towards preserving Deen) there is no good in the rest of the people (whose focus is directed towards the Dunya).” The virtue and rank of an Aalim over an Aabid عن أبي أمامة قال ذكر لرسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم رجلان أحدهما عابد والآخر عالم فقال عليه الصلاة والسلام فضل العالم على العابد كفضلي على أدناكم ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم إن الله وملائكته وأهل السموات والأرض حتى النملة في جحرها وحتى الحوت ليصلون على معلم الناس الخير رواه الترمذي وقال حديث حسن صحيح ورواه البزار من حديث عائشة مختصرا قال معلم الخير يستغفر له كل شيء حتى الحيتان في البحر (الترغيب والترهيب 1/130) Hadhrat Abu Umaamah (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that on one occasion mention was made of two people before Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam); one was an Aabid (one who is engaged in worship) and the other was an Aalim (one engaged in imparting Deen). Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “The virtue (and rank) of an Aalim over an Aabid is like my virtue (and rank) over the lowest amongst you.” Thereafter Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “Indeed Allah Ta’ala (showers His mercy), and the angels of Allah Ta’ala and all those in the heavens and the earth continue to make duaa for the one who imparts good (Deeni education) to the people, to the extent that even the ant in its hole and the fish (in the ocean) make duaa (for him).” Leaving Home to Acquire the Knowledge of Deen عن زر بن حبيش قال أتيت صفوان بن عسال المرادي رضي الله عنه قال ما جاء بك قلت أنبط العلم قال فإني سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يقول ما من خارج من بيته في طلب العلم إلا وضعت له الملائكة أجنحتها رضا بما يصنع رواه الترمذي وصححه وابن ماجه واللفظ له وابن حبان في صحيحه والحاكم وقال صحيح الإسناد قوله أنبط العلم أي أطلبه وأستخرجه (الترغيب والترهيب 1/137) Hadhrat Zirr bin Hubaish (Rahimahullah) reports: Once I had come to Hadhrat Safwaan bin Assaal (Radhiyallahu Anhu). He asked: “What has brought you here?” I replied: “I have come to seek the knowledge of Deen.” He said: “I heard Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) mention: “There is no person who leaves his home with the intention of seeking the knowledge of Deen except that the angels spread out their wings under his feet out of happiness for the path he has adopted.” The Two Types of Knowledge عن جابر قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم العلم علمان علم في القلب فذاك العلم النافع وعلم على اللسان فذاك حجة الله على ابن آدم رواه الحافظ أبو بكر الخطيب في تاريخه بإسناد حسن ورواه ابن عبد البر النمري في كتاب العلم عن الحسن مرسلا بإسناد صحيح (الترغيب والترهيب 1/135) Hadhrat Jaabir (Radhiyallahu Anhu) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “There are two types of knowledge. The first type is that knowledge which is in the heart of a person (which motivates him towards practice) and this is the one that is (regarded as) beneficial knowledge. The second type is that knowledge which is (merely) on the tongue (and does not motivate one towards practice), then it is this knowledge that will be used as evidence of Allah Ta’ala against a person (in making him deserving of punishment due to not practicing upon it, despite knowing it).” Remain in the Gatherings of Knowledge عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم إذا مررتم برياض الجنة فارتعوا قالوا يا رسول الله وما رياض الجنة قال مجالس العلم رواه الطبراني في الكبير وفيه راو لم يسم (الترغيب والترهيب 1/146) Hadhrat ibn Abbaas (Radhiyallahu Anhuma) reports that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said: “When you pass by the gardens of Jannah, then graze (to your heart’s content).” The Sahaabah (Radhiyallahu Anhum) asked: “O Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), what are the gardens of Jannah?” Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) replied: “The gatherings of knowledge.” Taken from Ihyaaiddeen.co.za

Pearls of Wisdom: No.56 “Food for the Soul” SUBJECT: 99 BEAUTIFUL NAMES OF ALLAH Allah, The Most Exalted, says: “The most beautiful names belong to Allah: so call on Him by them." (Qur'an 7:180) The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is reported to have said; “Allah has ninety-nine names, i.e. one-hundred minus one, and whoever knows them will go to Jannah (Paradise).” (Hadith Bukhari) Note: We should carefully, ponder over, memorize and learn the Names of Allah, so that we can benefit from its great meanings, gain Khushu` (the heart being submissively attuned to the act of worship), obey Allah and fulfil our duty towards Him (Glorified and Exalted be He). Knowledge of the beautiful names and perfect attributes of Allah must be the beginning point for anyone who desires to learn about his or her Creator. These beautiful names are the supreme source from which the ethical virtues of Islam are derived, as every virtue is merely a reflection of the names and attributes of Allah. When this is understood, then every Muslim must learn the names of Allah and their implications for our behaviour. This will indeed guide a person towards virtue and will inspire him or her to refrain from evil. Whoever takes care to learn, understand and implement the ninety nine names of Allah will enter Jannah (Paradise). www.eislam.co.za

KICKING THE HABIT This booklet is a compilation of nasihat (advice) taken from various discourses of Shaykh Yunus Patel Saheb (Raheemahullah), which has been tremendously beneficial for many sincerely wanting to ‘kick’ their bad habits of smoking, drinking, drug-taking or gambling. The prescriptions found herein will, Insha-Allah , benefit and motivate anyone who reads with an open mind and is keen to give up the bad habits. Kicking the habit. PDF Back to table of contents

Ten deeds for protection and blessings in a home/business premises At times we have the opportunity of purchasing a new home or business, we become eager to start it off on the right foot. We therefore resort to various forms of dhikr, recitation of Quran and du’a for barakah. In the Hadith references at hand, I have not come across any specific deeds or du’as specifically for when moving into a new premises. However, the following can be practiced upon based on the broader purport of the narrations cited below. These may be done in any home/business/premises, be it new or old. Deeds to remove demons and other bad effects Recite Surah Baqarah – Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (radiyallahu’anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘...Recite Surah Al Baqarah, for [reciting it and practising on it] is a blessing and abandoning it will be a cause of grief and regret, and those involved in witchcraft cannot confront it.’ (Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 1871) – Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (radiyallahu’anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘…Indeed Shaytan flees from that home in which Surah Baqarah is recited.’ (Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 1821) People generally like to have their homes secure from the effects of black magic, evil Jinn etc. Therefore many have the habit of reciting Surah Baqarah in their new homes/businesses, as it keeps away the Jinn as well as black magic. The last two verses of Surah Baqarah Sayyiduna Nu’man ibn Bashir (radiyallahu ‘anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said; ‘…If these two verses are recited for three nights in a home, no Shaytan shall come near it.’ Imam Tirmidhi (rahimahullah) has declared the Hadith sound (hasanun gharib). Some editions of Sunan Tirmidhi have the words ‘gharib‘ only. (Sunan Tirmidhi, Hadith: 2882) Imam Ibn Hibban, Imam Hakim and ‘Allamah Dhahabi (rahimahumullah) have declared the Hadith authentic (sahih). (Sahih Ibn Hibban; Al Ihsan, Hadith: 782 [the last portion of the Hadith], Mustadrak Hakim, vol. 1 pg. 562 and vol. 2 pg. 260) Practising on this will insha Allah protect the new/or current premises from the Shaytan/evil Jinn. The ten verses of Surah Baqarah Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (radiyallahu’anhu) said: ‘If these ten verses are recited in a home, no Shaytan shall enter it till the morning.’ (Sunan Darimi, Hadith: 3382 and Al-Mu’jamul Kabir, Hadith: 8673. ‘Allamah Suyuti has declared one chain of Darimi as authentic (sahih) refer: Da’il Falah, Hadith: 84) See here for more about these ten verses. Call out the Adhan Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (radiyallahu’anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘When the muadhin calls the adhan, Shaytan flees hurriedly away.’ (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 610 and Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 856) The narrator of this Hadith; Abu Salih As-Samman (rahimahullah) states that when one hears [scary/eerie] sounds [and fears the presence of evil Jinns] one should call out the adhan, since it has the effect of chasing away the Shaytan. (Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 856) Based on this, people have the habit of calling out the adhan in a new home before moving in, so as to chase away the evil Jinn therefrom. Deeds for Barakah (blessings) in the home In addition to the above, to acquire barakah in the home, one may practice any of the following, for their general good effect (without considering them as actual sunnahs). As stated at the beginning, these deeds are for any home/premises, be it new or old. Say the Salam when entering Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) told Sayyiduna Anas (radiyallahu’anhu) – as part of a lengthy narration-: O my son! Whenever you enter your house, say salam. This will be a source of Barakah- blessing- for you and your family. (Sunan Tirmidhi, Hadith: 2698) Imam Tirmidhi (rahimahullah) has graded this Hadith as sound (hasan) Read the entire collated version of this Hadith here Recite Quran The Quran in general is a great source of blessing. Undoubtedly, one who seeks barakah (blessing) should indeed recite the Quran and keep it respectfully in the place wherein barakah is being sought. Nafl Salah Sayyiduna Zayd ibn Thabit (radiyallahu’anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘Offer your [nafl/optional] Salah in your homes, for the best Salah -besides the Fard- is the one offered at home.’ (Sahih Bukhari, Hadith: 731) ‘Allamah Nawawi (rahimahullah) has explains three reasons for this: 1. It is a source of Barakah. 2. It chases away the Shaytan/evil Jinn. 3. It is closer to sincerity. (Fathul Bari, Hadith: 731) Therefore those who make this a habit, will -insha Allah- notice increase in the blessings of that home. In fact, Hafiz Ibn Hajar has explained that it is recommended to make salah the first thing done in any new property, as a means of being grateful to Allah’s bounty and to acquire Barakah. (Fathul Bari, Hadith: 917) Keep Dates and Vinegar in the home Sayyidatuna ‘Aaishah (radiyallahu’anha) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘A house which has dates will never suffer hunger.’ (Sahih Muslim, Hadith: 5304) In one Hadith Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) said: ‘A house that has vinegar will never be destitute.’ (Sunan Tirmidhi, Hadith: 1841. Musnad Ahmad, vol. 3 pg. 353) Invite friends and family for a meal It is recorded that the senior Tabi’i; Sayyiduna ‘Urwah ibn Zubayr (rahimahullah) had invited the people of Madinah to his new home that he built in ‘wadil ‘aqiq’. The narration states that those who attended made du’as for barakah as well. (Siyar A’lamin Nubala, vol.4 pg.428) Many Muslims have this habit too. This is so that the property can be blessed with their presence, du’as and the barakah of feeding people -which is extremely rewarding. The Kitab Shifa An elderly and very Respectable ‘Alim; Shaykh Muhammad Nimr Al-Khatib (rahimahullah) [who was at the age of 110 when I met him] mentioned that it was a common habit when he was growing up for people to keep the kitab of Imam Qadi ‘yadh (rahimahullah): Shifa in their homes, businesses etc for attaining barakah. This kitab is one of the most comprehensive books that discuss the life and lifestyle of Rasulullah (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam). It has enjoyed universal acceptance throughout the centuries. The Shaykh (rahimahullah) hailed from Palestine. He later resided in Madinah Munawwarah for many years till his demise. May Allah Ta’ala fill his grave with mercy and blessings. He had real love for students of Islamic knowledge. A love that I have rarely seen. These ten deeds are some of which one may practice for protection as well as blessings in the home. In addition to the above, every sunnah of our Beloved (sallallahu’alayhi wasallam) has immense barakah and protection in it. We should always endeavour to inculcate as much of the sunnah as possible in our live. And Allah Ta’ala Knows best. al-miftah

Extended period of Masah on leather socks Q. If I have made Masah on my leather socks and I am a Muqeem, then before one day and one night passed, I made Safr, do I have to break my Masah on my leather socks and start again or do I continue? (Question transcribed from telephonic query) A. A Muqeem (resident/non-Shari’ traveller) is permitted to make Masah (wipe) over leather socks during Wudhu for a period of 24 hours (one day and one night). A Musaafir (Shari’ traveller) is permitted to make Masah (wipe) over leather socks during Wudhu for a period of 72 hours (three days and three nights). In an event, a Muqeem embarked on a journey whilst wearing and making Masah of his/her leather socks and became a Musaafir before the termination of a 24-hour period, their 24-hour period will be extended to a 72-hour period and there will be no need to discontinue the 24-hour period or start again. (Masaail Rifat Qaasimi 1/46) And Allah Ta’ala Knows Best Mufti Ismaeel Bassa Confirmation: Mufti Ebrahim Desai (The answer hereby given is specifically based on the question asked and should be read together with the question asked. Islamic rulings on this Q&A newsletter are answered in accordance to the Hanafi Fiqh.) Fatwa Department Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians 223 Alpine Road, Overport

Part Nine Archery: Hazrat Sa‘eed bin Musayyib (rahimahullah) has mentioned, “Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) was an excellent archer.” (Taareekh-ul-Islam 4/216) Imaam Zuhri (rahimahullah) has mentioned, “During the Battle of Uhud, Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) killed three disbelievers with the same arrow that was fired at him three times. The disbelievers had initially fired the arrow. Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) took the arrow and fired it back at the disbelievers, killing one of them. The disbelievers then fired the same arrow back, after which Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) took it and fired it back at them, killing another disbeliever. The disbelievers then fired the same arrow back for a third time. Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) took the arrow and fired it back at them, killing a third disbeliever. Seeing that Hazrat Sa’d (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) had killed three disbelievers with the same arrow, the people were amazed. (Taareekh-ul-Islam 4/215, Siyar A’laam min Nubalaa 3/63)

Source of Knowledge If one wishes to hear a Deeni discourse over a CD, radio, receiver etc. then it is important for one to first find out the reliability of the person who had delivered the discourse as well as the subject matter that had been discussed. Not exercising caution in this regard leads to confusion being created in one’s Deen. قال محمد بن سيرين رحمه الله: إنَّ هَذَا العِلْمَ دِينٌ فَانْظُرُوا عَمَّن تَأخُذُونَ دِينَكُم (شمائل الترمذي) Hadhrat Muhammad ibn Seereen (Rahmatullahi Alaih) had stated: “Indeed this knowledge is your Deen, so be careful from whom you acquire your Deen.”

Quenching the Thirst of Others By Shaykh-ul-Hadīth, Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh Imām Al-Bukhārī rahimahullāh has narrated a hadīth on the authority of Sayyidunā Abū Hurayrah radhiyallāhu ‘anhu that Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, “A person, whilst on a journey, experienced extreme thirst. [Along the way, he came across a well so] he climbed down this well and drank from it. He then climbed out of the well and saw a dog panting and licking the moist soil due to [extreme] thirst. This person said [to himself], ‘Indeed this dog has faced the same dilemma [of thirst] that I faced.’ [so he climbed down the well again and] filled his leather sock with water. He then climbed out whilst holding his sock with his teeth and quenched the thirst of the dog. Allāh ta‘ālā appreciated his deed and forgave his sins. The Sahābah radhiyallāhu ‘anhum asked, ‘Is there reward for us in [being kind to] animals?’ Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam replied, ‘There is reward in [being kind to] every living creature’.” Many lessons can be derived from this hadīth, but I wish to draw your attention to a specific lesson, that of providing water for the creation of Allāh ta‘ālā. It is evident that the deed that attracted the Mercy of Allāh ta‘ālā was quenching the thirst of a dog. Water – A Gift from Allāh Water is an essential need of a human; a person can survive weeks without food, but only days without water. The body’s function is dependent on water and all its essential organs need a constant supply. As the body cannot make its own water, a person needs to supply the body with water. This important need of humans is provided by Allāh ta‘ālā himself in the form of rain, streams, rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Allāh ta‘ālā states: ...and We have sent down pure water from the sky. (25:48) And We caused the earth to burst with springs... (54:12) Water – A Medium to Gain Great Reward Due to its importance and necessity, Allāh ta‘ālā has also promised great reward for those who provide water to the creation of Allāh ta‘ālā. In the above ḥadīth, we already learnt that it attracts the forgiveness of Allāh ta‘ālā. Many other ahādīth also mention further benefits: • Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam has stated, “There is no sadaqah more rewarding than [providing] water.” (Al-Bayhaqī) • Upon being asked regarding the most virtuous form of sadaqah, Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam replied, “[Providing] water.” (Abū Dāwūd) • Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam stated, “Whichever Muslim quenches the thirst of another Muslim, Allāh will grant him drink from Ar-Rahīq Al-Makhtūm.” (Abū Dāwūd) Ar-Rahīq Al-Makhtūm is a special wine of Jannah which has been promised for the special servants – the Abrār (the righteous). Allāh ta‘ālā says, Verily the Abrār will be in bounties, upon couches looking on. You will recognise the radiance of bounties in their faces. They will be given pure sealed wine to drink, the seal of which is musk. It is for this that the competitors should compete. (83:22-26) Water – A Means of Continuous Reward Sadaqah is of two types: 1. Sadaqah: where the reward is confined to the action and the reward is a single entry. For example, when someone feeds another person, a one-off reward is written for him; and 2. As-Sadaqah Al-Jāriyah: when the reward is continuous. In fact, it also continues after one’s demise. For example, authoring a book from which people benefit; for as long as people benefit from this knowledge, the author will continue to reap its reward. After one’s demise, the avenues to gain further reward by any action inevitably cease. A person finding himself in a bad state in the afterlife cannot carry out any deed to change his situation. Similarly, if he finds himself in a good state and he wishes to enhance his condition further, he is unable to carry out any deed to achieve this. At this juncture, a deceased person has two possibilities of earning reward: 1. Īsāl-uth-Thawāb: someone performing a good deed and sending him its reward; and 2. As-Sadaqah Al-Jāriyah: as explained above, a deed he carried out during his lifetime which is still generating reward for him. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, When a person dies, [reward for] his deeds are cut off from him except three [types]: [reward for] As-Sadaqah Al-Jāriyah, knowledge from which benefit is derived [by others]; and righteous children who pray for him. (Muslim) There are many forms of As-Sadaqah Al-Jāriyah a person can carry out. In one narration Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam listed seven and from amongst them he mentioned, “.…a stream which he causes to flow....” (Ibn Mājah) In another narration we find that Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam also advised providing water as a form of Īsāl-uth-Thawāb. After the demise of his mother, Sayyidunā Sa‘d Ibn ‘Ubādah radhiyallāhu ‘anhu asked Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam which sadaqah would be most meritorious and rewarding. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam replied, “Providing water.” Sayyidunā Sa‘d radhiyallāhu ‘anhu then got a well dug and dedicated its reward for his mother. (Abū Dāwūd) ‘Allāmah Al-‘Aynī rahimahullāh has mentioned a hadīth wherein Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam visited a person who was in his last moments. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam asked him what he was observing [of the next world]. He explained, “I see two angels distancing themselves from me and two snakes coming closer; and I see evil increasing and goodness weakening.” The person sought help from Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam by requesting him to make du‘ā. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam supplicated, “O Allāh! Accept little [he has done] and forgive the large quantity [of evil deeds he has committed].” Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam then asked him what he was seeing now. He replied, “The two angels are coming closer and the two snakes are going away; and I see goodness increasing and evil weakening.” Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam asked him which of his actions he found most rewarding. He said, “Providing water.” (‘Umdah-al-Qārī) Sayyidunā Anas radhiyallāhu ‘anhu narrates that Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, “On the Day of Judgement, the people going to Jannah will be lined up in rows. A person destined for Jahannam [whilst passing by these rows] will come across a person [to whom he had provided water in this worldly life]. He will say to him, ‘Do you remember that day when you asked for water and I gave you water to drink.’ The person will [remember this favour and] intercede for him.” (Ibn Mājah) Warning on Not Sharing Water It is the sheer Grace of Allāh ta‘ālā that he has provided this necessity for survival in much abundance and in principle, it is for all people. Therefore, it would be extremely inhuman to deprive someone of water at the time of his need, especially when one has the means to provide it. Consequently, a grave warning has been cited for such wretched people whose hearts do not soften upon seeing others suffering thirst. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam has stated: There are three types of people; Allāh will neither talk to them, nor look towards them, nor purify them, and for them will be a painful punishment: One who has excess water in the path [along a route] and he prevents a traveller [passing by] from [using] it.... (Al-Bukhārī) Benefit in this World Providing water not only benefits a person in the hereafter, but it also has worldly benefits. A person once came to ‘Abdullāh ibn Al-Mubārak rahimahullāh complaining about a wound in a knee which was not healing for the past seven years, despite referring to doctors and treating it with various methods of treatment. ‘Abdullāh ibn Al-Mubārak rahimahullāh advised him to find a place where people are in need of water and provide water by digging a well. The person located a place and dug a well and Allāh ta‘ālā cured him. (Al-Bayhaqī) Imām Al-Bayhaqī rahimahullāh narrates that my teacher Imām Al-Hākim had a wound on his face. Despite many types of treatment, it could not be cured for a period of one year. He requested Abū ‘Uthmān Sābūnī rahimahullāh to make du‘ā for him in his weekly majlis on Friday. Abū ‘Uthmān rahimahullāh made du‘ā for him. The people who attended earnestly beseeched Allāh ta‘ālā saying āmīn to the du‘ā of the shaykh. The following Friday, a woman who had attended the previous week, sent a note to Imām Abū ‘Uthmān rahimahullāh. In the note she narrated that, after the previous majlis, she went home and earnestly prayed for Imām Al-Hākim rahimahullāh that night. She mentioned that she saw Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam in her dream as if he was advising her to tell Imām Al-Hākim rahimahullāh that he should provide water for the Muslims in abundance. When this note reached Imām Al-Hākim rahimahullāh, he ordered a siqāyah [a place where water is provided] to be constructed outside his home. When the construction was completed, it was filled with sweet water. Ice was also placed in it and people began drinking. Not even a week passed and he was cured and his face turned beautiful again. (Al-Bayhaqī) Providing Water to Others It is a great Mercy of Allāh ta‘ālā that we in England do not experience a shortage of water. Clean and abundant water is available at all times. We should be thankful to Allāh ta‘ālā for this great gift. There are so many people throughout the world who have to travel far distances to bring clean water for their homes. The short supply obliges them to get every family member to walk the long distance in order to obtain as much water as possible, including young children. Those of us who are fortunate to have water in abundance and sufficient wealth, should resolve to provide water to the less fortunate ones according to our means. This could be through: • arranging for wells to be dug; • providing water pumps; • providing water coolers; and • setting up drinking fountains. In whatever way possible, we should seek to quench the thirst of people and animals. Providing water to the general public on a hot summer day in this country or elsewhere, will also be a deed that will be greatly recompensed by Allāh ta‘ālā. Along with that, the wider community will be able to appreciate the beautiful teachings of the saviour of humanity, our beloved Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam, who was sent as mercy for the world. May Allāh ta‘ālā grant us the ability to engage in this meritorious act as much as possible, in order to secure His Mercy in this life and in the hereafter. Āmīn. © Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 26 No. 3, March 2017)

The Alcohol & Drug Abuse: The American Scene And The Islamic Perspective Written by Dr. Shahid Athar In Pakistan the first known case of heroin addiction was recorded in 1980. In 1981, there were only 25 cases recorded. By 1986 there were half a million cases. Now it is estimated the Lhercarebetween 1-1.5 million cases in a population of 95 million. The rate of growth of narcotic addiction in Pakistan is higher than that of USA. In addition to heroin addicts, there are about 1 million opium and hashish users, and 300,000 tranquillizer abusers. The actual number of alcoholics is difficult to determine, since they usually don't seek treatment. There are only 26 rehabilitation centers and 10,000 trained social workers. By comparison, in the USA with a population of 220 million, there are 15 milllion alcoholics, 2 million heroin addicts, 5.5 million cocaine users, 6 million tranquilizer abusers and 18 million regularly use marijuana. There are 700 treatment centers. There are 10,000 kids (children born to cocaine mothers). The cost of drug treatment to the nation (USA) is $117 billion per year. In 1986 congress allotted only $2.5 billion to control drug traffic, a $110 billion industry. The value of cocaine seized at the borders in 1985 was $70 million (5 million in 1981) and marijuana $70 million (2 million in 1981). Next to Columbia, the USA is the second biggest producer of marijuana. In addition to morbidity, the alcohol and drug scene is closely connected to the crime rate. In 1985 alone 800,000 arrests were made for drug violations (compared to 400,000 in 1973). Of the 523,000 inmates in the U.S. prisons, one-third admitted drinking alcohol before committing the felony. Of the 50,000 auto accidents deaths annually, 23,000 are related to acute alcoholism, 5,000 being teenagers. In addition about 1500,000 arrests occur annually in traffic violation due to alcoholism. In addition great man made disasters have taken place due to one man's alcohol indulgence i.e. the captain of the Exxon tanker in Alaska. No wonder, the ethics committee in US congress was so careful in choosing the Defence Secretary. One third of all 75,000 AIDS cases are occurring in IV drug abusers or their partners. 54%,of drug related AIDS are in heterosexual men, 16% in women, 20% in homosexual men, 8% in partners of drug users and 3% in children born to mothers with drug abuse or whose partner was drug abuser. The alcohol and drug abuse in children as young as 5 is increasing at an alarming rate. In addition to alcohol, marijuana, heroin and cocaine, the other drugs abused are an angel dust (PCP), speed, MDMA (estacy), china white, MPTP, tranquilizers and anabolic steroids. Let us discuss some of the medical aspects of these drugs in brief. Marijuana: Has 400 known chemicals, 61 of them affect the brain, the THC or delta 9 Tetrahydro Cannabinol is the most active ingredient. Marijuana impairs memory, concentration and reading capacity. Increases anxiety, apprehension and fear. It damages heart and lung. It lowers testosterone (male hormone) and sperm count and affects the outcome of pregnancy. It is more carcinogenic than cigarettes. Cocaine: A potent brain stimulant, was initially thought to be harmless, thus added to the soft drink (coke) in 1900. When given intravenously, it produces intense high and intense low (depression), hallucination, convulsion, cardiac arrest and death. Heroin: (Opium) morphine derivative. Usually injected by needle, but can be snorted or smoked. It is highly addictive with intensely withdrawal. Overdose results in death. Amphetamines: Are "pep pills" to fight fatigue and stay awake, suppress appetite, and stimulates heart and central nervous system. Dangerous in large doses and can cause psychological addiction. Barbiturates: Are used to overcome intense high and produce sleep. It can be fatal when used with alcohol. LSD (Acid): It is a powerful hallucinogen, can cause psychotic reaction and mental breakdown. New Drugs: MDMA (estacy) is LSD + Cocaine, causes disorientation initially but leads to permanent brain damage. China White is 1,000 times more potent than heroin. MPTP causes Parkinsonism (brain damage). Alcohol: Alcohol damages all organs of the body in due course. It damages liver (cirrhosis), causes stomach bleeding (ulcer), heart (cardiomyopathy), sex hormones and the immune system. Its effect on the brain can be acute (intoxication, delirium) or chronic (ataxia, memory loss, coordination). It is linked to breast cancer and fetal damage in women. But it is violence, homicide, suicide and drunk driving which takes most lives. Prorile of An Alcoholic And Drug Abuser: Instead of writing at length the problems of drugs and alcohol in youths of America, which cost the nation billions of dollars, and cost mothers their sons and dauqhters (MADD), I think it will be bette if I print an autobiography of one of my patients (19 years old, white female, upper class, name withheld). She writes ... "When I was in high school, my friends and I began to experiment with marijuana. After the excitement of smoking pot became "old hat", we began to try different drugs - such as hash and THC. Pretty soon cocaine and LSD were introduced to us and it was common place to go to any party "high" on one or more of these drugs. Several times, I had very frightening experiences. Specifically one night, after taking LSD I went home (to my parent's home) before my"high" was over. Usually, I stayed overnight with a friend who "tripped" with me. On this night, my boyfriend and I broke up right after I took the LSD, so I went home alone. Mv parents were asleep in the next room and I felt that I had to be very quiet, so as not to wake them. I was afraid to make any noise , plus I was upset over the breakup of my relationship with my boyfriend. When the LSD took effect, I was very frightened. The walls looked as though they were melting: I heard strange noises; I hallucinated, even after closing my eyes. The sights were very unpleasant and frightening images. But l couldn't do anything but lie in bed, waiting for the drug to wear off. I didn't think I could tell my parents, since I knew I had taken an illegal and dangerous drug- I was awake nearly all night, scared to death with no one to talk to. For days after this incident, I was nervous and jumpy and depressed. The incident was a major shock to my system and one that I would never want to repeat. I stopped taking "drugs" immediately after my senior year in high school- (I had only discovered drugs at the beginning of the school year). But, I guess the stage was set off for my future reactions. Drugs did not help- they were just for fun at first - but then once the "high" was gone, there was a real "let down" feeling that followed. So we'd either do more drugs or drink a few beers to make that feeling go away. Even now, whenever I get down or "stressed out"- the first thing I do is have a few drinks. The day after is always unpleasant if I have had too many drinks - so the opportunity for a vicious cycle is there. I honestly believe that the "harmless" experiments with marijuana, several years ago, may have been the start of this tendency to turn to alcohol today. The bottom line is, I'd be a hundred times better off today - happier and wealthier if drugs had never entered my life years ago. The Islamic Perspective: The objectives of Islamic divine laws are the protection of faith (belief in one God), life ( abortion. suicide, homicide), property (ownership) and the mind (intoxicants). Normally in the brain there is an inhibitory control which tells us not to engage in shameful or wrongful acts. Any suppressant drug including alcohol will suppress this nerve pathways and take away such restraint. Ability to make a judgement, to protect the body or honor, a quality for humans is taken away under the influence of drugs. There are two main features of Islamic prohibitions: a) lslam stops the wrong at the inception and not at the end. There is nothing like safe drinking age, or safe drugs to get high. Most of the teenage alcoholics don't buy the alcohol from the store but get it at home. Islam makes equal laws for both children and parents by prohibiting completely (total abstinence), but the West does not. It is for this reason, the West has been crippled to handle the problem of drugs and alcohol, because it has made duel standards. b) Islam blocks all the avenues to the wrong. Therefore not only illicit sex is prohibited, but casual mixing of sexes freely is prohibited, but obscenity and pornography is prohibited, and in the same context, not only drinking wine is prohibited, but making it , selling it, keeping it, or even growing grapes for the sole purpose of selling it to winery for making wine is prohibited by the Prophet (PBUH). Some 1400 years ago, Allah(swt), our creator and sustainer, who cares for us, sent down following revelation in the following order, mentioned in Quran. Al Baqarah 2:219: "They ask you concerning wine and gambling." Say: "In them there is great sin, and some profit, for men, but sin is greater than the profit." Al-Nisa 4:43: "O you who believe! Approach not prayers, with a mind befogged, until you can understand all that you say." Al-Ma'idah 5:93: "O you who believe! Intoxicants and gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (divinations by) arrows, are an abomination of Satan's handiwork: Avoid such (abomination) that you may prosper." Al-Ma'idah 5:93: "Satan's plan is to sow enmity and hatred among you with intoxicants and gambling, and to hinder you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. Will you not then give up." The above verses came over period of years and when the last verse came, Muslims threw away all the wine into the streets and stopped completely in whatever state they were in, and streets of Medina were flowing with wine. Sayings of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) and about wine and other intoxicants. 1. "Every intoxicant is khamr, and every khamr is haram (unlawful)- reported by Muslim. 2. "Of that which intoxicates in a large amount, a small amount is haram" (Ahmad, Abu-Daud and Al-Tirrnizi,). 3. "Khamar (intoxicants) is the mother of all evils". Reported in Bukhari. The solutions: There are no easy solutions. In fact it is a multifactorial problem and each aspect should be addressed individually, and seriously, both by the government and by the public. While the total ban on production, import and export is the ideal solution to create a drug free society, by experience (i.e. in the USA with total ban on alcohol in 1920's) it is difficult to achieve unless strict laws are made and enforced on drug producers, traffickers and offenders, a law, that sees distinction between the helpless victim and a powerful drug Lord. Our current system punishes the former and spares the latter. Islam offers such tough laws to influence our morality and health. While we are trying to do these, we in the mean time should pay more attention to the needs of the victim by the education of the masses, social workers, law enforcements agencies and the physicians at the same time developing treatment and rehab centers in large scale as human sufferings continues to grow and son, daughters, husbands and fathers are being lost daily. All these require motivation and commitment from all of us. It is beyond the dignity of a human being to become dependent on alcohol and drugs and not be able to serve himself, his family and his creator in the best possible manner. islam-usa.com

10 practical tips and advice on helping someone dealing with depression Shaykh Hamid Waqar Everybody experiences various levels of depression as a reaction to life stressors found in work environments, family life, and financial situations. Most people feel that depression is defined as this short reaction to the stressors that most people easily overcome. Thus, they believe it is insignificant. But, these instances of reactions to stressors is not classified as clinical depression. Clinical depression is defined as a mood disorder in which feelings of sadness, loss, anger, or frustration interfere with everyday life for a longer period of time (Google definition). The lack of awareness of the general public about depression has resulted in many people suffering from this disorder failing to seek help. This is magnified in shame-based societies. Middle-Eastern communities are an example of a shame-based society, hence depression is hidden and overlooked in order to save “face” of the family. Sometimes people that we know and care about might be depressed. There are many symptoms or tell-tale signs of clinical depression that we should be aware of. The following is a list of symptoms: Uncharacteristically sad, down, or “empty” Losing interest in activities that were once a source of pleasure Feeling hopeless, worthless, or both Feeling irritable or restless; becomes forgetful and disorganised Changes in appetite, and losing or gaining weight unintentionally Sleeping poorly or oversleeping Feeling tired or having less energy Having persistent feelings of guilt Having trouble thinking, concentrating, or making decisions Decreased capability and performance Having thoughts of suicide Abusing alcohol or drugs Exhibits a pessimistic outlook on life Constantly complains of aches and pains Remember, a depressed person might not exhibit all of these symptoms. Usually a depressed person does not even realise that he is depressed. Then, if they do realise, many are ashamed to get help; they think that they should be able to get over it themselves. Therefore, seeking professional help is a must. But, in addition to professional help, a family member or close friend of the depressed can do the following things: 1. Talk to the person Tell them that you can see they’re down. Therefore, pretending like nothing is wrong is not a solution and can make the situation worse. 2. Listen with empathyTry to put yourself in their shoes, try to feel what they are feeling without judging them. 3. Don’t joke about itDo not joke about their problem, or tell them simply: “Just be happy, dude!” “Lighten up brother.” 4. Express your helpExpress your willingness to help: sometimes just knowing that people are there for you will help you get over many issues that you are facing. Along these lines, reminding them that Allah is always there as the best support. 5. Encourage professional helpSuggest and support the person to see a professional psychologist, which for most people can feel embarrassing and daunting. 6. Care for their general healthEncourage the person to get enough sleep, exercise, and eat healthy food. Help the person decrease any alcohol and drug consumption; drugs and alcohol have a worse effect on one who is depressed. 7. Socialise with themEncourage friends and family members to stay in touch with them and take them out. 8. Be patientMost importantly: Be Patient; depression is slow and unpredictable. It can be extremely frustrating when dealing with someone who is depressed. 9. Stay calm Do not show the person that you are angry; give them space when they need it; but always be there for them when they call. Be careful not to push too hard or constantly analyse them. 10. Look after yourself Finally: take care of yourself; you need to be in a good state spiritually, mentally, emotionally, and physically to deal with someone facing depression.

Updated Essentials Program Registration is Open Over the past few weeks, we have been updating the Essentials Program to move it from a live course to pre-recorded lectures. Even though my preference is for live classes, each year attendance would wane as the course went on. By moving the format to pre-recorded lectures, students have more flexibility and can cater their learning to their personal schedules. It should also allow students from different times zones to benefit from the program. All of the details regarding the new format are available here on the Essentials Program page. The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said, "Seeking knowledge is incumbent upon every Muslim" and in another narration, "Whoever travels a path seeking sacred knowledge, Allah will place him on a path leading to Paradise. The angels lower their wings for the student of sacred knowledge, pleased with what he is doing" (Tirmidhi). Sacred knowledge is the inheritance left to us by the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) and one of the quickest ways to earn the pleasure of Allah Most High. Please visit our website for more information on the Essentials Program. was salam, Khalid Abdul Sattar Director, Ilm Essentials www.ilmessentials.com

Tips for Muslim teens on drugs, alcohol and friends How Can I Tell If a Friend or a Loved One Has a Problem With Alcohol, Marijuana, or Other Illicit Drugs? Sometimes it is tough to tell. Most people won't walk up to someone they're close to and ask for help. In fact, they will probably do everything possible to deny or hide the problem. But, there are certain warning signs that may indicate that a family member or friend is using drugs and drinking alcohol. If your friend or loved one has one or more of the following signs, he or she may have a problem with drugs or alcohol: getting high on drugs. drinking, getting drunk on a regular basis lying about things, or the drugs or alcohol they are using avoiding you and others in order to get high, drinking or drunk giving up activities they used to do such as sports, homework, or hanging out with friends who don't use drugs or drink having to use more marijuana or other illicit drugs to get the same effects constantly talking about using drugs or drinking believing that in order to have fun they need to drink or use marijuana or other drugs pressuring others to use drugs or drink getting into trouble with the law taking risks, including sexual risks and driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs feeling run-down, hopeless, depressed, or even suicidal suspension from school for an alcohol- or drug-related incident missing work or poor work performance because of drinking or drug use Many of the signs, such as sudden changes in mood, difficulty in getting along with others, poor job or school performance, irritability, and depression, might be explained by other causes. Unless you observe drug use or drinking, it can be hard to determine the cause of these problems. Your first step is to contact a qualified Muslim counselor, Imam or alcohol and drug professional in your area who can give you further advice. How Can I Tell if I Have a Problem with Drugs or Alcohol? Drug and alcohol problems can affect every one of us regardless of age, sex, race, marital status, place of residence, income level, or lifestyle. You may have a problem with drugs or alcohol, if: You can't predict whether or not you will use drugs or get drunk. You believe that in order to have fun you need to drink and/or use drugs. You turn to alcohol and/or drugs after a confrontation or argument, or to relieve uncomfortable feelings. You drink more or use more drugs to get the same effect that you got with smaller amounts. You drink and/or use drugs alone. You remember how last night began, but not how it ended, so you're worried you may have a problem. You have trouble at work or in school because of your drinking or drug use. You make promises to yourself or others that you'll stop getting drunk or using drugs. You feel alone, scared, miserable, and depressed. If you have experienced any of the above problems, take heart, help is available. How Can I Get Help? You can get help for yourself or for a friend or loved one from a Muslim counselor, Imam, friend or family member. For additional help, you can check out national, State, and local organizations, treatment centers, referral centers, and hotlines throughout the country. There are various kinds of treatment services and centers. For example, some may involve outpatient counseling, while others may be 3- to 5-week-long inpatient programs. While you or your friend or loved one may be hesitant to seek help, know that treatment programs offer organized and structured services with individual, group, and family therapy for people with alcohol and drug abuse problems. Research shows that when appropriate treatment is given, and when clients follow their prescribed program, treatment can work. By reducing alcohol and/or drug abuse, treatment reduces costs to society in terms of medical care, law enforcement, and crime. More importantly, treatment can help keep you and your loved ones together. Remember, some people may go through treatment a number of times before they are in full recovery. Do not give up hope HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Marijuana Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States and tends to be the first illegal drug teens use. The physical effects of marijuana use, particularly on developing adolescents, can be acute. Short-term effects of using marijuana: sleepiness difficulty keeping track of time, impaired or reduced short-term memory reduced ability to perform tasks requiring concentration and coordination, such as driving a car increased heart rate potential cardiac dangers for those with preexisting heart disease bloodshot eyes dry mouth and throat decreased social inhibitions paranoia, hallucinations Long-term effects of using marijuana: enhanced cancer risk decrease in testosterone levels for men; also lower sperm counts and difficulty having children increase in testosterone levels for women; also increased risk of infertility diminished or extinguished sexual pleasure psychological dependence requiring more of the drug to get the same effect Marijuana blocks the messages going to your brain and alters your perceptions and emotions, vision, hearing, and coordination. A recent study of 1,023 trauma patients admitted to a shock trauma unit found that one-third had marijuana in their blood. HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Cigarette Smoking Although many people smoke because they believe cigarettes calm their nerves, smoking releases epinephrine, a hormone which creates physiological stress in the smoker, rather than relaxation. The use of tobacco is addictive. Most users develop tolerance for nicotine and need greater amounts to produce a desired effect. Smokers become physically and psychologically dependent and will suffer withdrawal symptoms including: changes in body temperature, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone, and appetite. Psychological symptoms include: irritability, anxiety, sleep disturbances, nervousness, headaches, fatigue, nausea, and cravings for tobacco that can last days, weeks, months, years, or an entire lifetime. Risks associated with smoking cigarettes: diminished or extinguished sense of smell and taste frequent colds smoker's cough gastric ulcers chronic bronchitis increase in heart rate and blood pressure premature and more abundant face wrinkles emphysema heart disease stroke cancer of the mouth, larynx, pharynx, esophagus, lungs, pancreas, cervix, uterus, and bladder Cigarette smoking is perhaps the most devastating preventable cause of disease and premature death. Smoking is particularly dangerous for teens because their bodies are still developing and changing and the 4,000 chemicals (including 200 known poisons) in cigarette smoke can adversely affect this process. Cigarettes are highly addictive. One-third of young people who are just "experimenting" end up being addicted by the time they are 20. HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Alcohol Alcohol abuse is a pattern of drinking that results in health consequences, social, problems, or both. However, alcohol dependence, or alcoholism, refers to a disease that is characterized by abnormal alcohol-seeking behavior that leads to impaired control over drinking. Short-term effects of alcohol use include: distorted vision, hearing, and coordination altered perceptions and emotions impaired judgment bad breath; hangovers Long-term effects of heavy alcohol use include: loss of appetite vitamin deficiencies stomach ailments skin problems sexual impotence liver damage heart and central nervous system damage memory loss How Do I Know If I, or Someone Close, Has a Drinking Problem? Here are some quick clues: Inability to control drinking--it seems that regardless of what you decide beforehand, you frequently wind up drunk Using alcohol to escape problems A change in personality--turning from Dr. Jekyl to Mr. Hyde A high tolerance level-being able to consume much more alcohol than everyone else Blackouts--sometimes not remembering what happened while drinking Problems at work or in school as a result of drinking Concern shown by family and friends about drinking If you have a drinking problem, or if you suspect you have a drinking problem, there are many others out there like you, and there is help available. Talk to school a parent or a trusted Muslim counselor, Imam or friend. HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Methamphetamine Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug chemically related to amphetamine but with stronger effects on the central nervous system. Street names for the drug include "speed," "meth," and "crank." Methamphetamine is used in pill form, or in powdered form by snorting or injecting. Crystallized methamphetamine known as "ice," "crystal," or "glass," is a smokable and more powerful form of the drug. The effects of methamphetamine use include: increased heart rate and blood pressure increased wakefulness; insomnia increased physical activity decreased appetite respiratory problems extreme anorexia hyperthermia, convulsions, and cardiovascular problems, which can lead to death euphoria irritability, confusion, tremors anxiety, paranoia, or violent behavior can cause irreversible damage to blood vessels in the brain, producing strokes Methamphetamine users who inject the drug and share needles are at risk for acquiring HIV/AIDS. Methamphetamine is an increasingly popular drug at raves (all night dancing parties), and as part of a number of drugs used by college-aged students. Marijuana and alcohol are commonly listed as additional drugs of abuse among methamphetamine treatment admissions. Most of the methamphetamine-related deaths (92%) reported in 1994 involved methamphetamine in combination with at least one other drug, most often alcohol (30%), heroin (23%), or cocaine (21%). Researchers continue to study the long-term effects of methamphetamine use. HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Cocaine and Crack Cocaine Cocaine is a white powder that comes from the leaves of the South American coca plant. Cocaine is either "snorted" through the nasal passages or injected intravenously. Cocaine belongs to a class of drugs known as stimulants, which tend to give a temporary illusion of limitless power and energy that leave the user feeling depressed, edgy, and craving more. Crack is a smokable form of cocaine that has been chemically altered. Cocaine and crack are highly addictive. This addiction can erode physical and mental health and can become so strong that these drugs dominate all aspects of an addict's life. Physical risks associated with using cocaine and crack: increases in blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate, and body temperature heart attacks, strokes, and respiratory failure hepatitis or AIDS through shared needles brain seizures reduction of the body's ability to resist and combat infection Psychological risks: violent, erratic, or paranoid behavior hallucinations and "coke bugs"--a sensation of imaginary insects crawling over the skin confusion, anxiety and depression, loss of interest in food or sex "cocaine psychosis"--losing touch with reality, loss of interest in friends, family, sports, hobbies, and other activities Some users spend hundred or thousands of dollars on cocaine and crack each week and will do anything to support their habit. Many turn to drug selling, prostitution, or other crimes. Cocaine and crack use has been a contributing factor in a number of drownings, car crashes, falls, burns, and suicides. Cocaine and crack addicts often become unable to function sexually. Even first time users may experience seizures or heart attacks, which can be fatal. HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Hallucinogens Hallucinogenic drugs are substances that distort the perception of objective reality. The most well-known hallucinogens include phencyclidine, otherwise known as PCP, angel dust, or loveboat; lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly known as LSD or acid; mescaline and peyote; and psilocybin, or "magic" mushrooms. Under the influence of hallucinogens, the senses of direction, distance, and time become disoriented. These drugs can produce unpredictable, erratic, and violent behavior in users that sometimes leads to serious injuries and death. The effect of hallucinogens can last for 12 hours. LSD produces tolerance, so that users who take the drug repeatedly must take higher and higher doses in order to achieve the same state of intoxication. This is extremely dangerous, given the unpredictability of the drug, and can result in increased risk of convulsions, coma, heart and lung failure, and even death. Physical risks associated with using hallucinogens: increased heart rate and blood pressure sleeplessness and tremors lack of muscular coordination sparse, mangled, and incoherent speech decreased awareness of touch and pain that can result in self-inflicted injuries convulsions coma; heart and lung failure Psychological risks associated with using hallucinogens: a sense of distance and estrangement depression, anxiety, and paranoia violent behavior confusion, suspicion, and loss of control flashbacks behavior similar to schizophrenic psychosis catatonic syndrome whereby the user becomes mute, lethargic, disoriented, and makes meaningless repetitive movements Everyone reacts differently to hallucinogens--there's no way to predict if you can avoid a "bad trip." HERE ARE THE STRAIGHT FACTS... About Inhalants Inhalants refer to substances that are sniffed or huffed to give the user an immediate head rush or high. They include a diverse group of chemicals that are found in consumer products such as aerosols and cleaning solvents. Inhalant use can cause a number of physical and emotional problems, and even one-time use can result in death. Using inhalants even one time can put you at risk for: sudden death suffocation visual hallucinations and severe mood swings numbness and tingling of the hands and feet Prolonged use can result in: headache, muscle weakness, abdominal pain decrease or loss of sense of smell nausea and nosebleeds hepatitis violent behaviors irregular heartbeat liver, lung, and kidney impairment irreversible brain damage nervous system damage dangerous chemical imbalances in the body involuntary passing of urine and feces Short-term effects of inhalants include: heart palpitations breathing difficulty dizziness headaches Remember, using inhalants, even one time, can kill you. According to medical experts, death can occur in at least five ways: asphyxia--solvent gases can significantly limit available oxygen in the air, causing breathing to stop; suffocation--typically seen with inhalant users who use bags; choking on vomit; careless behaviors in potentially dangerous settings; and sudden sniffing death syndrome, presumably from cardiac arrest. Messages for Teenagers Know the law. All of the above-mentioned and many other substances are forbidden by Islam. They are also illegal in the United States. Apart from the fact that you are accountable to Allah for what you do and could very well be punished in this life and the next for using drugs and alcohol, you could also face legal penalties according to United States law: depending on where you are caught, you could face high fines and jail time. Be aware of the risks. Drinking or using drugs increases the risk of injury. Car crashes, falls, burns, drowning, and suicide are all linked to drug use. Keep your edge. Drug use can ruin your looks, make you depressed, and contribute to slipping grades. Play it safe. One incident of drug use could make you do something that you will regret for a lifetime. Do the smart thing. Using drugs puts your health, education, family ties, and social life at risk. Get with the program. Doing drugs isn't "in". Think twice about what you're advertising when you buy and wear T-shirts, hats, pins, or jewelry with a pot leaf, joint, blunt, beer can, or other drug paraphernalia on them. Do you want to promote something that can cause cancer? make you forget things? or make it difficult to drive a car? Face your problems. Using drugs won't help you escape your problems, it will only create more. Be a real friend. If you know someone with a drug problem, be part of the solution. Urge your friend to get help. Remember, you DON'T NEED drugs or alcohol. If you think "everybody's doing it," you're wrong! Over 86% of 12-17 year-olds have never tried marijuana; over 98% have never used cocaine; only about half a percent of them have ever used crack. Doing drugs won't make you happy or popular or help you to learn the skills you need as you grow up. In fact, doing drugs can cause you to fail at all of these things. Source Back to table of contents

Addiction and Islam – The Disease and its Cure We live in a culture in which mass advertising glorifies excessive consumption and the near instant gratification of desires. “Having it now” unfortunately, proves to be a slippery slope for millions, and uninhibited desires prove to be like an uncontrollable fire, growing stronger each time they are fed. Some desires becomes overriding compulsions that could take years to overcome, if at all. The word addiction is often used to describe such a condition. What exactly is addiction? The term “addiction” is used in many contexts to describe an obsession, compulsion, or excessive physical dependence or psychological dependence, such as: drug addiction, alcoholism, compulsive overeating, problem gambling, computer addiction, etc. In other words, addiction has many forms, some of them related to substances such as drugs or alcohol, while others are related to extreme psychological dependence of the individual on behaviors such as gambling, overeating, and increasingly internet surfing. Nearly 14 million Americans meet diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders Estimates of the economic costs of just alcohol abuse, collected by the World Health Organization, vary from one to six per cent of a country’s GDP. Countries around the world spend hundreds of billions of dollars in combating the drug trade, rehabilitating drug addicts and in dealing with the health and social costs of the increased use of narcotics by young people and teenagers. Addiction to pornography is afflicting millions in every age group around the world, leading to decreased productivity, and an increase in crimes against women and children. The fact that addictions of various types have grown into enormous social problems that are threatening not only individuals and families but entire societies is clear. Addictions in fact, are the scourge of the human civilization, and the urgency of making a global effort to eradicate them is more critical than ever. Efforts So far Countries around the world have tried hard to control if not eradicate various addictions in their societies. Although millions have freed themselves from the slavery of their base instincts, millions more continue to fall into this abyss. The number of addicted individuals, both in real terms and as a percentage of the total population, has skyrocketed in recent times. Let us explore how Islam views the problem, and how its prescriptions and world-view might be an antidote. Moderation – An Islamic Virtue One of the salient features of the Islamic world-view is a balanced and moderate outlook on life and its challenges. Islam recognizes that human beings have natural desires, and prescribes ways of fulfilling these desires without allowing the desires to take control of one’s life. The Glorious Quran says: “O Children of Adam! Wear your beautiful apparel at every time and place of prayer: Eat and drink: But waste not by excess, for Allah loveth not the wasters.” [Al-Quran 7:31] The Islamic virtue of moderation is prescribed at both an individual and at a collective level. Islam views the natural resources of the world, and indeed human life itself, as a trust from God. Accordingly, every individual is accountable for how he or she spends these resources. Profligacy is considered a major sin in Islam. Islam’s View of the Self Islam’s broader approach towards human life is through the recognition of the human soul as being composed of essentially three elements: Nafs al-Ammarah (soul commanding to evil or evil-inciting soul) Nafs al-Lawwamah (self-reproaching soul) Nafs al-Mutma’innah (tranquil, peaceful soul) The goal of every Muslim is to be aware of the stage of his or her own soul, and to strive to reach the stage of tranquility and peace that can only come about through a disciplined life in obedience to God. The soul commanding to evil grips the individual in a state of forgetfulness. Addiction, and indeed, all human infractions stem from such a state, where the human being is heedless of the purpose of life, heedless of the Creator, and of the Day when all human beings will be held accountable for their actions. It is this state of forgetfulness that the individual must strive to overcome, and work progressively towards a state of awareness. The Glorious Qur’an says: “And be ye not like those who forgot Allah, and He made them forget their own souls! Such are the rebellious transgressors!” [Al-Quran 59:19] In overcoming addiction therefore, one is required to shun heedlessness and feel remorse for having allowed one’s soul to be controlled by one’s lower desires. For others who, although self-aware to some extent, do succumb momentarily to the evil-inciting soul, the remembrance of the Divine and His commandments are often sufficient to restore the balance and quickly exit the state of heedlessness. For those who, while fulfilling the necessities of human life, are firmly rooted in achieving success in the hereafter, the temptations of a transgression only serve to spur them on in their spiritual pursuits Islam’s Prohibitions – A Great Blessing Altaf Husain, a social worker in the US, writes in an article on ways to overcome addiction: “No one becomes addicted intentionally; it is not a goal one sets out to accomplish. Addiction is ultimately the triumph of the soul commanding to evil over the self-reproaching soul. What begins as just one quick glance at a pornographic Web site, one sip of alcohol, one snort of cocaine, one injection of heroin, or even one session of aggressive overeating does not affect every individual the same way. For those who have a weak relationship with Allah, are on the margins of daily worship, are keeping company with similarly heedless individuals, the one glance, the one sip leads them, ultimately, down a slippery slope from which they will have, potentially, a lifelong struggle recovering.” Islam recognizes the perils of such self-destructive behavior. While prescribing permissible ways of fulfilling certain legitimate desires, Islam clearly draws the line around certains types of behavior and strikes them at the root. Consequently, alcohol, drug consumption and gambling are strictly prohibited, even in small quantities. The Glorious Qur’an says: “O ye who believe! Intoxicants and gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (pination by) arrows, are an abomination,- of Satan’s handwork: eschew such (abomination), that ye may prosper.” [Al-Quran 7:31] In the last five decades, pornography has been the cause of many a broken home, and multitudes of destroyed lives. By enjoining men and women towards modesty, the Glorious Quran protects the dignity of the human being. The Quran says: “Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: And Allah is well acquainted with all that they do. “And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should draw their veils over their bosoms…” [Al-Quran 24:30-31] Islam recommends marriage for the fulfillment of natural desires and for procreation, but prohibits the depiction of any human being as merely an object of sexual gratification. Notice how the Quran elevates the status of both men and women by recognizing their nature, while also drawing their attention towards a higher purpose in life. When one reflects on the havoc caused by alcohol and drug addiction, by compulsive gambling and by rampant pornography, one can only see the prohibitions and injunctions of Islam as great blessings to the human race. The Divine prohibitions ensure that even if one does not see the wisdom behind abstaining from these evils, one is guarded by adhering to certain norms in a spiritual frame of reference. Prayer and Fasting – Strenghthening the Soul with Patience While every pillar of Islam serves to strengthen the soul, the five daily prayers and the fasting during the holy month of Ramadan are especially beneficial in disciplining the soul. The Glorious Quran says; “Recite what is sent of the Book by inspiration to thee, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer restrains from shameful and unjust deeds; and remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in life) without doubt. And Allah knows the (deeds) that ye do.” [Al-Quran 29:45] Fasting is universally recognized as a means of gaining self-control, and in Islam, also a means of gaining closeness to God. “O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-restraint,”– [Al-Quran 2:183] Prayer and fasting are therefore like the shields of the human soul, by which it can protect itself from the onslaughts of modern temptations, and lead a healthy, balanced and productive life. Conclusion To strike at the roots of addiction, a holistic view of the human soul is essential. Islam provides both a world-view and a spiritual system that elevates the human being by empowering the soul to fulfill the Divine Mission. Besides prohibiting behaviors that might demean the human soul in any way, Islam prescribes practical ways of strengthening it. For the soul that values the sweetness of Divine Remembrance, capitulating to the base desires represents disobedience to the Creator as well as oppression against the self. It is through recognition of the purpose of creation can the soul achieve true freedom. Source Back to table of contents