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ADOPT 5 QUALITIES OF A CHILD Allama Jalal Uddin Suyuti r.a, a great scholar born in 849 A.H and passed away in 911 A.H, said: قال الإمام السيوطي: خمس خصال في الاطفال لو كانت في الكبار مع ربهم لكانوا أولياء. لا يهتمون بالرزق. ولا يشكون من خالقهم إذا مرضوا . ويأكلون الطعام مجتمعين. واذا خافوا جرت عيونهم بالدموع. واذا تخاصموا تسارعوا إلى الصلح He said there are 5 qualities children have which we should embed within ourselves to become awliya of our time. There are many things we can learn from children. The 5 qualities children have that we should adopt, are as follows: 1. لا يهتمون بالرزق Children are not concerned about when their next meal will come. Allamah Ibn Battal Maliki (RA) used to say, ‘You really are your imaan and your tawwakkul’. Your tawwakul is not complete until you have true faith on the ayah ‘There is no creature on earth whose sustenance is not on Allah’ [11:6]. وَمَا مِن دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّهِ Allah has control over every single creature and He looks after everyone. Our Imaan and our reliance on this verse is more than the money we have in our pocket. Children do not worry about their next meal, they rely on Allah. This does not mean, that we should sit at home and rely on Allah rather we must adopt the means like the way you tie a camel, thereafter, have tawakkul in Allah. We should not be overindulged in the dunya where our entire focus is dunya, dunya, dunya whereby we neglect the aakirah. 2. ولا يشكون من خالقهم إذا مرضوا When children are unwell they do not do not complain about Allah. Qadhi Shurayh (RA) saw an individual complaining to his friend of a headache so the Qadhi said ‘Never complain to anyone else of Allah. I have not been able to see with one eye of mine for the past 15 years. I have not seen a human being with this eye and have not seen a path for the past 15 years but I have never told anyone to this day. I told you only to teach a lesson. So, the second quality we learn is not to complain about Allah. 3. يأكلون الطعام مجتمعين Children sit down and eat together. Friends normally try to sit and eat together, the sahaba complained to Rasulullah (s.a.w) that ‘Oh Messenger of Allah! We eat but our bellies are not satisfied’ Rasulullah (s.a.w) replied ‘maybe you are eating separately’.1 Nowadays there is no love at home. There was a time when everyone used to sit together and eat from one platter. That time we used to have the bowl of curry in the centre with rice around it and people used to sit and eat from that one platter. Today let alone eating from one plate, even our times of eating is not the same. Our homes have become hotels, everyone checks in at different times and checks out at a different time. Unfortunately, this is why we don’t have the love we used to have in those days. Children are an example of the lesson for us to sit together and eat. 4. واذا خافوا جرت عيونهم بالدموع When children fear, they tear. Hadrat Mawlana Masehullah Jalalabadi (RA) mentioned to us many years ago when we were there in Jalalabad. He used to tell us ‘try and learn how to cry before Allah and if you cannot cry, at least make the face of a crying individual’ Cry! If you can’t then at least make the face of a crying individual. Saalih al-Muzani (RA) was reading the Quran in a dream in front of Rasulullah (s.a.w), who said to him ‘Oh Saalih! You are reciting the Quran but where are the eyes that are swelling with tears?’ Rasulullah (s.a.w) told Abdullah ibn Masood (r.a) to read from surah Nisaa and he started reading until he came to the verse of the Quran, فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِنْ كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ, ‘What will happen when we will bring you in front of the entire community and you will be witness over everyone’. He was told to stop and saw Rasulullah (s.a.w) crying.3 This is why it is important we understand the words of the Quran, otherwise, we are reciting about Jahannam and we are smiling because we don’t understand the message. We should take a lesson from children who cry when in fear, we too should cry in front of Allah. 5. واذا تخاصموا تسارعوا إلى الصلح When children quarrel or get into an argument they reconcile very fast. We should ponder on this. There are people we do not speak to in our life and then we don’t speak to them for years and years. Thereafter it continues to the next generation. We even write a will saying make sure you don’t speak to his family because I didn’t speak to his family. These are few lessons we can learn from children. [The above is an edited transcript from a lecture by Shaykh Muhammad Saleem Nawab حفظه الله] To listen to the audio or check out other articles click here www.saleemnawab.com Source

Valuing the Last Ten Days of Ramadān By Shaykh-ul-Hadīth, Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh The month of Ramadān is full of blessings. Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said: And it is a month the first part [first ten days] of which is mercy, the middle part [middle ten days] is forgiveness and the last part [last ten days] is emancipation from the Fire (of Jahannam). (Ibn Khuzaymah) Having passed through the first ten days of ‘mercy’, we find ourselves in the second ten days of ‘forgiveness’ and approaching the last ten days, wherein Allāh ta‘ālā emancipates His servants from the Fire of Jahannam. Now, we will find people with different mind-sets; some will count down the days in eager anticipation of ‘Īd after which they will not have to stay hungry and thirsty for long hours anymore; some will have spent the major part of Ramadān exerting much effort in devotion to Allāh ta‘ālā and thus feel that they can now relax in the last ten days as they have, in their opinion, carried out much ‘ibādah already; and some will not have done anything of note until now and feel that there is no point of doing anything in these remaining days. All these mind-sets are incorrect, as the last ten days of Ramadān hold great significance and virtue over the first twenty days of Ramadān. One only needs to examine the conduct of Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam during the last ten days to understand their virtue. The Conduct of Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam during the Last Ten Days Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā reports that when the last ten days of Ramadān would enter, Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would tighten his waist belt, stay awake at night and awaken his family. (Al-Bukhārī) In this hadīth, Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā has mentioned three things: 1. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would tighten his waist belt, which refers to preparation for exerting himself in ‘ibādah. 2. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would stay awake throughout the nights of the last ten days of Ramadān and worship Allāh ta‘ālā. 3. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would awaken his family also for ‘ibādah and tahajjud so that they too can acquire the blessings of the blessed nights. The fact that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would especially exert much effort in devotion during the last ten days of Ramadān, shows the virtue and significance of these last ten days. And why would Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam not exert effort during these last ten days, when they have been specified for the Night of Qadr. Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, Seek Laylat-ul-Qadr during the last ten days of Ramadān. (At-Tirmidhī) The Virtues of Laylat-ul-Qadr Laylat-ul-Qadr is a night full of blessings and goodness. ‘Ibādah carried out on Laylat-ul-Qadr is better than ‘ibadah carried out continuously for a thousand months (83 years and four months). Allāh ta‘ālā says: Verily! We revealed it (the Qur’ān) during the Night of Qadr (from Al-Lawh Al-Mahfūz to the first heaven). Do you know what is the Night of Qadr? The Night of Qadr is much better than a thousand months. The angels and the Rūh (Sayyidunā Jibra’īl ‘alayhis salām) descend in it by the Command of their Rabb with every decision. It (this night) is full of peace. And (all of this) remains (from sunset) until the break of dawn. (97:1-5) Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said: During the Night of Qadr, Jibra’īl ‘alayhis salām descends with a group of angels and they make du‘ā of mercy for every servant who stands or sits remembering Allāh ta‘ālā (engaged in worship). (Al-Bayhaqī) Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam also said: Whoever stands in worship during the Night of Qadr with Īmān and hope of reward, all his previous sins will be forgiven. (Al-Bukhārī) If we understood the virtues and the blessings of this great night, we too would exert great effort towards acquiring these blessings just as our pious predecessors did. It is reported regarding Qatādah rahimahullāh that he would complete the entire Qur’ān every three nights during the first twenty days of Ramadān and every night during the last ten days. In order to become deserving of the virtues of Laylat-ul-Qadr, one must exert every effort and do everything he can. One easy way of becoming deserving of the blessings of the Night of Qadr is to observe the i‘tikāf of the last ten days of Ramadān. Sayyidunā Abu Sa‘īd Al-Khudrī radhiyallāhu ‘anhu narrates that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, Verily, in search of Laylat-ul-Qadr I performed i‘tikāf of the first ten days and then extended it to the next ten days for the same purpose; then I was told that this night is in the last ten days; so those who are performing i‘tikāf with me should perform the i‘tikāf of the last ten days. (Al-Bukhārī, Muslim) The Importance and Virtue of I‘tikāf We learn from the Sīrah of our beloved Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam that the i‘tikāf of the last ten days of Ramadān was a practice that he sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would not miss. Sayyidah ‘Ā’ishah radhiyallāhu ‘anhā said that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam would observe i‘tikāf in the last ten days of Ramadān until he passed away. (Al-Bukhārī, Muslim) Sayyidunā Anas radhiyallāhu ‘anhu said that Rasūlullāh sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam observed i‘tikāf during the last ten days of Ramadān. One year he could not observe the i‘tikāf, so the following year he observed i‘tikāf for twenty days. (At-Tirmidhī) Mentioning the virtues of i‘tikāf, Sayyidunā Ibn ‘Abbās radhiyallāhu ‘anhu says that Nabī sallallāhu ‘alayhi wasallam said, He (the one observing i‘tikāf) refrains from sins (as he confines himself to the boundary of the masjid) and is rewarded for all good deeds (that he cannot do due to being in i‘tikāf e.g. visiting the sick or participating in janāzah salāh) like that person who carries out good deeds. (Ibn Mājah) The one performing i‘tikāf, through the blessing of staying within the confines of the masjid, is able to refrain from sins which he may have committed outside of the masjid. Along with this, he is able to engage in so many worships e.g. salāh, dhikr, tilāwat, du‘ā. Moreover, every moment of his is a means of reward as i‘tikāf in itself is also a worship; hence the one performing i‘tikāf gains the reward of i‘tikāf even whilst eating and sleeping. I‘tikāf: A Fortune The one observing i‘tikāf is extremely fortunate for he disassociates himself from everything and throws himself into the Court of His Lord and Creator. He remembers Him, praises Him, glorifies Him and sincerely seeks His Forgiveness; he cries over his past mistakes and beseeches His Creator for His Mercy and seeks nothing but His Pleasure. His days and nights are spent only in this pursuit. The author of Marāqī-Al-Falāh states that if i‘tikāf is observed with sincerity, then it is amongst the most virtuous deeds. Our Task in Hand So if one is able to perform i‘tikāf during the last ten days, he should most definitely do so. The ladies should also perform i‘tikāf at home. If one is not able to perform i‘tikāf for all of the last ten days, he should perform i‘tikāf for however many days he is able to. And if one is so busy that he cannot spend even one day in i‘tikāf then the least he should do is value each and every moment of the last ten days, especially the nights. He should refrain from every minor and major disobedience to Allāh ta‘ālā carry out actions which please Him to acquire Divine Pleasure. May Allāh ta‘ālā grant us the tawfīq to value the remaining days of Ramadān, especially the last ten days. May He bless us with the virtue of Laylat-ul-Qadr. May He accept those who have intended to carry out the Sunnah i‘tikāf and may Allāh ta‘ālā make this Ramadān a turning point in our lives and enable us to live a life of obedience until we depart from this world. Āmīn. © Riyādul Jannah (Vol. 27 No. 5/6, May/June 2018)

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Pearls of Wisdom: No.58 “Food for the Soul” SUBJECT: TRIALS & TRIBULATIONS Allaah, The Most Exalted, says: “Do people think that they will be left alone because they say, we believe, and will not be tested? And indeed We tested those who were before them” (Quran:29: 2-3) The Messenger of Allaah (peace be upon him) is reported to have said; "Whenever an affliction strikes a Muslim and he says, as Allaah commanded him, "Inna lillahi wa inna ilayhi rajiun. Allahumma ajirni fi musibati, wa akhlif li khayran minha - To Allaah we belong, and to Him will we return - O Allaah, reward me for my affliction and replace it for me with that which is better," Allaah will then surely replace it for him with that which is better." (Hadith Muslim) Note: Don’t let trials blow you down; instead let them lift you up! A smooth sea never made a skilled sailor. Every hardship and suffering is an opportunity because it is more than what you see. A moment of hardship is an opportunity to earn higher ranks, it is an opportunity to be patient and earn Allah’s mercy and blessing and Allah’s regard for you. The more the suffering and your patience, the more the blessing. Sometimes Allaah tests His slaves with calamities in order to raise t hem in status and to expiate for their sins, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “No misfortune or disease befalls a Muslim, no worry or grief or harm or distress – not even a thorn that pricks him – but Allaah will expiate for some of his sins because of that.” (Hadith Bukhari) Therefore, we should endure trials and be patient. Remember Allah Ta’ala sometimes grants the toughest battles to the s trongest soldiers and very often violent storms paint the loveliest of rainbows! For a motivational article on Patience in Adversity visit : http://eislaminfo. blogspot.com/2016/07/the-smoke-signal.html

|| Let Those Getting On With Ramadān Anticipate Great Good, But What About Those Who Are Not? || More than anything else, the month of Ramadān is about hope and anticipating immense good from God. Ibn Rajab al-Hanbalī wrote: ‘The month, all of it, is mercy, forgiveness and freedom [from the Fire]. This is why it says in an authentic hadīth that the gates of mercy are flung open during it; and in a hadith in Al-Tirmidhī and others: “Indeed, Allāh frees [people] from the Hellfire every night [of Ramadān].”1 Be that as it may, the first part of [the month] is dominated by mercy – particularly to the God-fearing who act with excellence (li’l-muhsinin al-muttaqīn). Allāh, exalted is He, says: “Surely, the mercy of Allāh is near to those who act with excellence.” [7:56] And: “My mercy embraces all things, therefore I shall ordain it for those who fear [God] and pay the zakāt.” [7:156] At the month’s commencement there is an unbounded outpouring of mercy and good pleasure upon the God-fearing, whilst the people of excellence are treated with grace and eminence. ‘As for the middle of the month, forgiveness dominates it. During it, those who fast are forgiven, even if they are guiltily of committing some minor sins – for even that shall not bar them from being forgiven. In this respect, Allāh, exalted is He, said: “Truly your Lord is forgiving to people despite their evil-doing.” [13:6] ‘As for the latter part of the month, those whose evil deeds and major sins would have necessitated residing in the Hellfire, are freed and liberated.’2 But what about the sinners who continue to lead wayward lives and neglect their duties to Allāh, even in the blessed month of Ramadān? Well even they needn’t despair! Ibn Rajab went on to say: ‘Just because Allāh’s mercy has been specified for the doers of excellence, it doesn’t mean sinners should despair of receiving it. Just because forgiveness is ordained for the God-fearing, those who wrong themselves [by sinning] are not veiled from it … “Say: ‘O my servants who have transgressed against their own souls! Do not despair of Allāh’s mercy! For Allāh forgives all sins.’” [39:53] So, O sinner – and we are all sinners – let not your wrong deeds make you despair of Allāh’s mercy. How many like you have been liberated from the Fire during these days. So entertain a good opinion of your Protecting Lord and turn in repentance to Him. For no one is damned with Allāh, save he who damns himself.’3 ------------------------ 1 - Al-Tirmidhī, no.682; al-Hākim, al-Mustadrak, no.1532, where he said: ‘The hadith is sahih as per the conditions of Al-Bukhārī and Muslim.’ 2 - Latā’if al-Mā‘arif (Riyādh: Dār Ibn Khuzaymah, 2007), 479 3- ibid., 481. t.me/NaseehaChannel/816

RAMADAAN: Endless Opportunity…Limited Time We all know time is a limited commodity. Every second that passes can never be retrieved, it is the drop lost into the sea of eternity. We have limited time to make the best of the endless opportunities that the month offers us. Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam said, “Take advantage of five matters before five: your youth before you become old, your health, before you fall sick, your wealth before you become poor, your free time before you become preoccupied, and your life before your death.” (Ahmed) We may be in very different circumstances next Ramadaan. We may not have the health, the time or the life to take advantage of another Ramadaan. Now is the time, we have to act with a sense of urgency. Ask for Allah’s Forgiveness: Never let a day of Ramadaan pass that you have not asked for Allah’s forgiveness. Seeking forgiveness not only erases your sins, it also removes anxiety, opens the doors of sustenance, attracts the mercy of Allah and draws us closer to Allah. Read the Quran: If you want to speak to Allah engage in Salaah, if you want Allah to speak to you read the Quran. “Verily the one who recites the Qur’an beautifully, smoothly, and precisely, will be in the company of the noble and obedient angels. And as for the one who recites with difficulty, stammering or stumbling through its verses, he will have twice that reward.” (Bukhari) Spend time making Dua: If it is not in the nature of a mother to turn her child away empty handed no matter how disobedient a child may be, how is it possible that the One who is the Most Merciful and who has placed mercy in the hearts of all mothers turns away His slave, empty handed? How is it possible for the One Who becomes angry when His slaves do not supplicate to Him, not to be happy when they do. Dua is our intimate conversation with Allah; it is uplifting, liberating and empowering. Safeguard your sight: "The glance is a poisoned arrow of Shaytaan. Whoever lowers his gaze for (the pleasure of) Allah, Allah will bestow upon him a refreshing sweetness which he will find in his heart on the day that he meets Him.” (Tabraani) Be generous: The Prophet’s Sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam charity in Ramadaan is described as abundant as ‘the free blowing wind.” There is no better exercise for the heart than lifting people up! Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam said, “Guard yourselves against the fire (of hell) even if it be with half a date (given in charity); and if you cannot afford even that, then at least say a good word.” (Bukhari) Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

Taqwā The common definition of Taqwā is to abstain from the disobedience to Allāh ta‘ālā be it minor or major. In the initial stages this will seem difficult. However, if one strives and compels his nafs to stay away from the disobedience to Allāh ta‘ālā, then Allāh ta‘ālā will honour him with true Taqwa by enlightening his heart with the nūr (light) of Taqwā. Once this happens, one will no longer have to struggle to avoid sins as before; rather the heart will develop a disliking for them. His condition will become like that of a person who has to walk through a path with filth all around. He will be repulsed at the very thought and will try his utmost to avoid that route. However, if he is compelled then he will be very careful as not to let the filth dirty him or his clothes. If by chance some filth does dirty his clothing, he will not be able to rest in peace until it is washed off. Similar is the case of that person whose heart is enlightened with the nūr (light) of Taqwā. He will have an aversion to sins, and if he was to slip and commit a sin, he will not be able to rest in peace until he makes Tawbah (repentance) and cleans his heart from the filth of sinning. By Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

Ramadaan: The Month of Dua Allah Ta’ala loves to be asked, and He encourages us to do so frequently. Allah Ta’ala says, “Invoke Me, I will respond to your (invocation).” (Ghaafir 40:60) The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “‘Dua is worship.” (Tirmidhi, 3372) The etiquette of making Dua: 1. Ask of Allah by His most beautiful names “And the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allaah, so call upon Him by them.” (al-A’raaf 7:180) 2. Praise Allah before we call upon Him Fadaalah ibn ‘Ubayd (Radhiyallahu Anhu) said, "Whilst the Messenger of Allaah (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) was sitting, a man came in and prayed and said, “O Allaah, forgive me and have mercy on me.” The Messenger of Allaah (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “You have been too hasty, O worshipper. When you have prayed and are sitting, praise Allaah as He deserves to be praised, and send blessings upon me, then call upon Him.” (Tirmidhi) 3. Sending blessings upon the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “Every Dua is kept back until you send blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).” (Tabraani) 4. Raising the hands Maalik ibn Yasaar (Radhiyallahu Anhu) narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “When you ask of Allaah, ask of Him with the palms of your hands, not with the backs of them.” (Abu Dawood) 5. Having conviction that Allaah will respond The Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “Call upon Allah when you are certain of a response, and remember that Allaah will not answer a Dua’ that comes from a negligent and heedless heart.” (Tirmidhi) 6. Asking frequently A person should ask Allah for whatever he wants of the good things in this world and the Hereafter, and not seek a hasty response, because the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said, “The slave will receive a response so long as his Dua does not involve sin or severing of family ties, and so long as he is not hasty.” It was asked, “What does being hasty mean?” He said: “When he says, ‘I made Dua and I made Dua, and I have not seen any response,’ and he gets frustrated and stops making Dua.” (Bukahari) 7. Beseeching with humility, hope and fear Allah says, “Invoke your Lord with humility and quietly.” (al-A’raaf 7:55) “Verily, they used to hasten on to do good deeds, and they used to call on Us with hope and fear, and used to humble themselves before Us.” (al-Anbiya’ 21:60) 8. Ensuring that one’s food and clothing are Halaal The Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam mentions of a person who travels for a long distance and is dishevelled and dusty, and he stretches forth his hands towards the heaven saying, "O Lord, O Lord,’ but his food is Haraam, his drink is Haraam, his clothing is Haraam, he has been nourished with Haraam, so how can he be responded to?" (Muslim) Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

Fasting for one Commencing a Journey in Ramadhaan Q: A person intends travelling during the course of the day and at the time of Subah Sadiq (when the fast commences) he is still in his hometown? Is it permissible for him not to fast? A: It is compulsory for a person who is present in his hometown at the time of Subah Sadiq to fast. Since he only intends travelling during the course of the day the concession of not fasting does not apply to him. Hence, if he does not keep the fast he will be sinful. ومنها السفر الذي يبيح الفطر وهو ليس بعذر في اليوم الذي أنشأ السفر كذا في الغياثية فلو سافر نهارا لايباح له الفطر في ذلك اليوم وإن أفطر لا كفارة عليه بخلاف ما لو أفطر ثم سافر كذا في محيط السرخسي (الفتاوى الهندية ج1 ص206) (وللمسافر الذي أنشا السفر قبل طلوع الفجر إذ لايباح له الفطر بإنشائه بعد ما أصبح صائما بخلاف ما لو حل له مرض بعده فله (الفطر) لقوله تعالى فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخر … (وصومه) أي المسافر (أحب إن لم يضره) لقوله تعالى: ,أن تصوموا خير لكم (مراقي الفلاح ص686) Ahsanul Fataawa vol.4 pg. 447 Answered by: Mufti Zakaria Makada Checked & Approved: Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Isipingo Beach) ************************************************************************* BREAKING FAST AFTER EMBARKING ON A JOURNEY Question: When one has done Shehri and has intention to fast and is on Fardh fast and then later in the day, he embarks on a journey. Does he have the option of breaking the fast in Safar on that day ? And if he breaks the fast on that day in safar, is it Gunaah Answer: In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh. Shariah has granted concession for a person not to fast if he is a musafir at the time of Subah Saadiq (true dawn) If he undertakes a journey of 48 miles or more after Sehri time, he will have to continue his fast. It is not permissible for him to break his fast. If he does so, he will be sinful. He will have to make Qadha (make up) for the broken fast. There is no Kaffarah for breaking such a fast. However, the person must repent for his sinful act and make Istighfaar. And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best Huzaifah Deedat Student Darul Iftaa Lusaka, Zambia Checked and Approved by, Mufti Ebrahim Desai. الفتاوى الهندية - ط. دار الفكر (1/ 206) فلو سافر نهارا لا يباح له الفطر في ذلك اليوم وإن أفطر لا كفارة عليه تحفة الفقهاء (1/ 358) والأعذار التي تبيح الإفطار للصائم ستة السفر والمرض الذي يزداد بالصوم أو يقضي إلى الهلاك وحبل المرأة وإرضاعها إذا أضر بها أو بولدها والعطاش الشديد والجوع الذي يخاف منه الهلاك والشيخ الفاني إذا كان لا يقدر على الصوم وأصله قوله تعالى { فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخر } ثم السفر المبيح للفطر هو السفر المبيح للقصر وهو مسيرة ثلاثة أيام ولياليها سير الإبل ومشي الأقدام ويستوي الجواب بين أن يسافر قبل رمضان وبين أن يسافر بعد دخول رمضان سافر بعدما أهل في الحضر هلال رمضان والصحيح قول عامة الصحابة وعامة العلماء لأن النص مطلق وهو قوله تعالى { أو على سفر } وكذلك الداعي إلى الرخصة وهو المشقة عام شامل مراقي الفلاح شرح نور الإيضاح (ص: 258) وللمسافر" الذي أنشأ السفر قبل طلوع الفجر إذ لا يباح له الفطر بإنشائه بعد ما أصبح صائما بخلاف ما لو حل به مرض بعده فله "الفطر" الفتاوى السراجىة ص163 زم زم الدر المختار شرح تنوير الأبصار وجامع البحار (ص: 149) صل في العوارض المبيحة لعدم الصوم وقد ذكر المصنف منها خمسة، وبقي الاكراه وخوف هلاك أو نقصان عقل ولو بعطش أو جوع شديد ولسعة حية (لمسافر) سفرا شرعيا ولو بمعصية Fatawa Mahmoodiyyah Volume 15 Page 221 Maktaba Mahmoodiyyah Fatawa Rahimiiyah Volume 7 Page 269 Darul Isha`at Aap Ke Masail Volume 3 Page 307 Maktaba Ludhyanwi Ahsanul Fatawa Volume 4 Page 447 H.M.Saeed Kitabul Fatawa Volume 3 Page 401 Zam Zam Fatawa Darul Uluum Deoband Volume 1 Page 391

Leaking bucket! By Abdurrahmaan Umar “I’m going to complete three Qurans”, said Omar, folding his mouth into a tight-lipped smile. “Insha Allah!” he added as an afterthought, “That’s my goal for this Ramadaan!” Shaheed rubbed his temples, contemplating his words carefully as if they would turn into a promise if they escaped his lips, “I think I am going to focus on Zikr. Sheikh is always talking about the value of zikr, so I decided…” he ruminated a little more, “I am going to praise Allah by reading at least 500 times ‘La illaha ilallah’ every day, and I will increase that, Allah willing.” “Guys, guys!” shouted Moosa as he clambered over the shoulders of those at the back struggling to get to the center of the discussion, “Ramadaan is a month of caring, a month when we supposed to feel empathy for our fellow Muslims,” pointing an accusing finger at Shaheed, he blurted out, “You can’t just worry about your own self and your Ibadat(worship). You have to worry about others…. that’s Ramadaan.” Omar leant forward, almost crouching, “Yeh, yeh, but what about earing rewards in this month. We all know the amount of extra reward we get in this month” “I can see the Shaytaan (devil) is still not tied up. Look at us! Having a squabble on the virtues of deeds right in front of Sheikh. Let’s ask Sheikh.” Cried Shaheed as he turned to Sheikh Hammad, lowered his voice and asked, “Sheikh, what would be the best action to do in the month of Ramadaan?” Some of the group floated away from the front, embarrassed that they had forgotten that Sheikh was still sitting in his regular place sipping his jasmine tea. Sheikh Hammad smiled broadly and continued quietly reciting on his Tasbih (Praising Allah). “How long does it take to fill a bucket with holes?” Sheikh asked softly, stroking his now almost white beard. His hands bore the hallmarks of his aging body, the skin soft and wrinkled, the veins that once stood taut, were now tortuous lines of blue. Farid shifted his thick spectacles as he pondered the question, he glanced around to see if anyone else was going to venture a reply. The rest of the group sat silent, trying to fathom the reasoning in the question. He adjusted his specs once more and ventured, “Sheikh, it depends on how big the holes are…big holes then it will never fill. Small holes…well maybe it will fill, but won’t stay filled. So, we have to see the holes, and, oh yes, the rate of flow of …” Omar rolled his eyes and nudged Farid into silence. They waited in anticipation for Sheikh to explain. “You see, Ramadaan is not only about filling our buckets of deeds with lots of Qur’an, zikr, extra Salaah, charity and all the other good things you mentioned. If we do these deeds, and they are all beneficial and valuable, but we often forget to plug the holes in the bucket.” Scratching his head, Farid began, “But... Sheikh…why….” Omar didn’t allow him to carry on before nudging him hard enough to understand that continuing may be harmful to his health. “Before you ask me what are the holes in the bucket,” Sheikh continued, taking a long sip of his tea, “Our sins are the holes! If we do all the good that we intend to do, but don’t make efforts to avoid sins then it’s like trying to fill a holey bucket,” Sheikh’s lips creased into a faint smile at his little pun. “Together with doing good, we have to,” Sheikh emphasised, “we have to…., have to, give up sin. Any sin, small sin, big sin, open sin, secret sin, Allah knows them all! This is a month of Taqwa – as Allah mentioned in Surah Baqarah in the Qur’an: “O You who have attained to faith! Fasting is ordained for you as it was ordained for those before you, so that you may become of those who have Taqwa.” Sheikh took another small sip of his tea, and continued, “Taqwa is many things, and the one definition that applies here is to get close to Allah. Ramadaan is a month of drawing close to Allah. And for that…Allah removed all the obstacles that obstruct us on this noble path – so the Shayateen, the rebellious devils, are locked up; and our base desires are suppressed through fasting. We just have to give up sinning, do good deeds and we will move closer to Allah.” Farid nodded his head energetically in support of what Sheikh was saying, almost dislodging his topee from his head until a sharp nudge from Omar steadied him. “It doesn’t help we read lots of Qur’an and then spend the rest of our time backbiting others or swearing or lying…then we lose out on the benefit of the Quran... it just leaks out of the holes and we don’t get the “Taqwa” that Allah Ta’ala wanted us to get in this blessed month.” “And… this is the what Rasulallah, Salallahu Alaihi wa salam meant when he said as recorded by Imam Bukhari (RA): "Whoever does not give up false statements (i.e. telling lies), and evil deeds, and speaking bad words to others, Allah is not in need of his (fasting) leaving his food and drink.” Shiekh a long sip of his tea, watching as the young men nodded to one another as the cloud of puzzlement lifted from their heads. Farid chirped, “Got it! Stop the sins, plug the holes… and we fill the bucket and get to Allah. Easy peasy!” He scurried out of the way before Omar’s nudge could reach him. “So now you understand why you have to plug the holes,” Sheikh emphasised, “Don’t just do good – avoiding sin as important, if not more important.” www.eislam.co.za

Covering Feet Hanafi Fiqh > Tafseer Raheemi Question: Salam mufti Saab, When women pray salah do they have to cover their feet. I.e. with socks Kind regards Jazakhalah Answer: No, they don’t have to wear socks. However, if the feet can be covered by wearing a long cloak, it would be better. This is due to showing respect to the opinion of the other madhaahib. The Madhahib (on this mas’alah) go as follows: 1) Imam Shafiee, Imam Malik and Imam Ahmed ibn Hanbal (Rahimahumullah) class the feet (of women) as satr and according to their research, they have to be covered in Salah. 2) Imam Abu Hanifa’s Mufta bihi Qawl (the opinion upon which the ruling has been given) is that they don’t have to be covered. Al-Fiqh Alal Mazahib al-Arba’ah lil Jaziry p.167/1 It is also stated in Nurul-Idah (The Light of Clarification) p.159: ’Her feet are not awrah, according to the most correct of two narrations, whether the surface or the sole, because of the general nature of the necessity.’ Source

Women: Covering Feet Hanafi Fiqh > Qibla.com Answered by Shaykh Faraz Rabbani When do we have to cover feet? Answer: The fatwa position in the Hanafi school is that a woman’s feet are not `awra. As such, it is not legally obligatory to cover them in the prayer or outside the prayer. [As mentioned in Radd al-Muhtar and elsewhere.] However: 1. Caution and scrupulousness would entail covering the feet, because it is obligatory according to other sunni schools (such as the Shafi`is), and it is a strong position within the Hanafi school that they are `awra. This is especially true for prayer, but it is best even outside the prayer when in the presence of those one must cover in front of. 2. It is only allowed to uncover the feet up to the ankles. Anything above the ankles is from one’s `awra. Many women wear skirts or dresses (such as jilbabs) that normally cover the ankles, but reveal the leg area above this while walking (especially in the wind, etc). There is nothing like safety. In general, the scholars remind us that one should not apply the Shariah as a dry list of do’s and don’ts. Rather, we should have the intention that we are following Allah’s commands and the guidance of His Messenger (Allah bless him & give him peace), out of love and thanks. And Allah alone gives success. Wassalam, Faraz Rabbani Source

I would not have a clue of the interpretations sis and as for the fatwa, I'm not at all sure how to react ) :

Wa'alaykumus salaam warhamtullaah the one saying feet (up to ankle) are not part of awrah in or out of salaah..

Sterling advices of Sayyiduna 'Umar (radiyallahu 'anhu) on interaction In the following report, Sayyiduna 'Umar (radiyallahu'anhu) has offered sterling guidelines on interaction with fellow humans. Lets read them carefully with the intention of implementing. The famous Tabi’i; Sayyiduna Sa’id ibn Musayyab (rahimahullah) reports that Sayyiduna ‘Umar (radiyallahu ‘anhu) laid eighteen guidelines for the people, each one filled with wisdom: 1. When someone disobeys Allah in matters that impacts on you, you can retaliate in no better way than obeying Allah in matters that impact on him. 2. Always assume the best about your brother unless you learn something about him that you cannot reconcile. 3. Never assume the worst about any statement that a Muslim makes as long as you are able to make a good interpretation. 4. One who exposes himself to suspicion must never blame anyone who holds a bad opinion of him. 5. Whoever guards his secrets will retain the choice [and control of it] in his hands. 6. Ensure that you keep true friends to stay under their wings because they are a source of beauty during times of prosperity and a means of protection during times of hardship. 7. Ensure that you speak the truth even if it leads to your death. 8. Never delve into matters that do not concern you. 9. Do not ask about matters that have not occurred because that which has already taken place is enough to keep you occupied from that which has not. 10. Never seek your needs from one who does not love to see your success. 11. Never keep the company of a sinner, as you will learn his sinful ways. 12. Keep away from your enemy. 13 & 14. Beware even of your friends, except for the trustworthy one and none can be trustworthy unless he fears Allah. 15. To be humble in speech. 16. Lower yourself in obedience of Allah. 17. Stand firm against His disobedience. 18. Consult in your matters those who fear Allah, indeed Allah says: انما يخشى الله من عباده العلماء It is those who have knowledge among His slaves that fear Allah. (Surah Fatir, Verse: 28) (Rawdatul ‘Uqala of Imam Ibn Hibban (rahimahullah), pg.82-83 with a chain of reliable narrators) Each of these advices are of much pertinence on our era. May Allah Ta'ala guide us to implement them. And Allah Ta’ala Knows best al-miftah

Q. If a woman performs Salaah with a few strands of her hair open, is her Salaah valid? (Question published as received) A. In order for a women’s Salaah to be valid,it is a prerequisite that her Awra is covered for the duration of the Salaah. The Awrah of a woman includes her entire body excluding her hands, feet and face. If a few strands of woman’s hair is exposed during Salaah, her Salaah will remain valid if the exposed area is less than one fourth of her head/hair. If however, the exposed area is one forth or more of her head/hair, and remains exposed for a duration of a posture in Salaah i.e. the duration it takes to recite the three Tasbeehs (approximately 3-5 seconds), her Salaah will be invalid. (Ahsanul Fataawa 3/402) And Allah Ta’ala Knows Best Mufti Ismaeel Bassa Confirmation: Mufti Ebrahim Desai (The answer hereby given is specifically based on the question asked and should be read together with the question asked. Islamic rulings on this Q&A newsletter are answered in accordance to the Hanafi Fiqh unless otherwise stated.) Fatwa Department Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

Loyalty Mufti Ebrahim Salejee (Daamat Barakaatuhu) mentioned: In this world, different types of temptations are put before us, such as women, wealth, peer pressure, etc. Allah Ta‘ala wants to see our loyalty to Him and our perseverance. This is the test of sabr and this is what Ramadhaan teaches us when we are ordered to resist from permissible temptations in this month. On the other hand, Jannat is a place free from the test of temptations and sabr.

Honouring the Knowledge of Deen Haaroon Rasheed was an ‘Abbaasi Khaleefah who ruled over the Muslim empire from 170 A.H until his demise in 193 A.H at the age of forty-five. On one occasion, when Haaroon Rasheed came to Madeenah Munawwarah, he sent a messenger to Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) with the following message: “Come to me and bring the hadeeth kitaab (Al-Muwatta) which you have compiled so that I may hear the ahaadeeth from you.” On receiving this message, Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) was upset and disappointed. He said to the messenger, “Convey my salaam to him, and tell him that people should travel to the knowledge of Deen, the knowledge of Deen should not travel to people. People should come to obtain the knowledge of Deen, it should not have to come to them.” When the reply of Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) reached Haaroon Rasheed, he became angry. His messenger fuelled his anger further saying, “It will reach the people of Iraq that you summoned Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah), yet he defied you! Force him to come to you!” In the interim, many students of Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) suggested to him that he go to Haaroon Rasheed and explain to him the correct manner of acquiring the knowledge of Deen. Hence, Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) came to Haaroon Rasheed and entered with salaam. However, he did not bring his kitaab of hadeeth with him. When Haaroon Rasheed asked him why he had come without the kitaab, Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) replied: “O Ameerul Mu-mineen! Allah Ta‘ala sent Nabi Muhammad (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam) to us and commanded us to obey him, follow his blessed sunnah and show him utmost respect and honour, during and after his lifetime. Allah Ta‘ala has perhaps granted you the position of khaleefah on account of you having some knowledge of Deen. Hence, when you have been blessed with this knowledge, then you should not disrespect it and fail to honour it, as doing so will cause Allah Ta‘ala to strip you of your respect and honour. Fear Allah! Fear Allah! I have seen people who were not of your standing and lineage, some were freed slaves and there were others as well, yet they all showed the highest level of respect to the knowledge of Deen and honoured the ‘Ulama who bore this knowledge. When these people had shown respect to the knowledge of Deen, then surely you are more worthy of honouring the knowledge of Deen!” Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) continued to advise Haaroon Rasheed in this manner until he eventually began to weep. Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) continued further until Haaroon Rasheed relented and said, “Let us proceed to your home.” On arriving, Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) entered, performed ghusl, donned new clothing, applied ‘itr and burned some fragrant ‘oud (to honour the blessed ahaadeeth). Thereafter, as they sat, Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) said to Haaroon Rasheed, “Commence reciting.” Haaroon Rasheed responded, “You should recite to me.” However, when Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) excused himself from reciting, Haaroon Rasheed was left with no choice but to recite, and thus said, “Tell all the people to leave so that I can recite to you in privacy.” Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) responded, “When the knowledge of Deen is withheld from the general people for the sake of influential people who wish to be exclusive, then these influential people will never benefit from the knowledge.” Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) then instructed one of his students to recite the Ahaadith. When the student commenced reciting, Haaroon Rasheed was at the side of Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) and was seated in a reclining position. Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah) said to him, “O Ameerul Mu-mineen! The one who lowers and humbles himself for Allah Ta‘ala, Allah Ta‘ala will elevate and honour him.” Haaroon Rasheed immediately awoke and sat before Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah), only returning to his side after the ahaadeeth were recited. Sometime later, Haaroon Rasheed said to Imaam Maalik (rahimahullah), “We lowered ourselves and expressed humility before the knowledge of Deen which you possessed, and hence Allah Ta‘ala blessed us to benefit from the knowledge.” (Tarteebul Madaarik vol. 2, pg. 21) Lesson: We all wish and desire to acquire the knowledge of Deen and benefit from the blessed Ahaadith of Rasulullah (sallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam). However, there are many people who fail to show the knowledge of Deen due respect and honour. Instead of going to the ‘Ulama and expressing humility before the knowledge of Nubuwwah, they want to acquire knowledge on ‘their own terms’. Instead of sitting with respect, they lie on their beds and surf the net. Instead of dressing with respect and performing wudhu, they acquire the knowledge of Deen in a casual manner, dressed as they please, sometimes in an environment of free-intermingling between males and females! The outcome is that they acquire mere ‘information’, not the knowledge of Deen. The knowledge of Deen creates a Noor (light) in the heart and guides a person to Allah Ta‘ala. alhaadi.org

8 Simple Steps to Help You Prepare for Ramadan Have you ever wondered why it is difficult to concentrate in your prayer? Or why your faith throughout the year is not on a high like it is during Ramadan or through Hajj? Maybe it is because we usually jump straight from a phone conversation into Takbeer or because we just go with the flow in Ramadan and are influenced by the environment around us and not our own ‘real’ feelings. A lot of us usually live life and have our faith dependent on an upcoming major event i.e. “I’m going to start reading a page of Quran a day as soon as Ramadan starts; I’m going to start praying Qiyam every night when I come back from hajj; or, I’m going to stop smoking when my child is born.” And because of this way of thinking we usually end up with an anti-climax; we don’t end up giving up smoking, we don’t end up praying Qiyam and we start reading Quran but then get back to our normal old self after a few days or weeks. This is because these ‘statements’ or ‘feelings’ are based on impulse and not a real thought out plan. We usually don’t prepare for Ramadan or hajj or have a plan for our faith to stay at the increase; we just go with the flow and expect it all to happen. Well, it doesn’t! Wouldn’t you love to enter the month of Ramadan on a real high and have the effects of this beautiful month be a permanent impact on your life thereafter? How can this be done? Below are the 8 steps for a Legacy of a Ramadan. Step 1 – Create a Ramadan Count Down Counting down for Ramadan (whether it is done mentally or by keeping physical signs around the home or office) will help create a hype and buzz in your mind and amongst the people around you. When you and others are counting down to the same event, it becomes part of regular conversation and excitement spreads. Step 2 – Seek knowledge about Ramadan This will help you ensure you will do things correctly and perfectly for Ramadan, it will create a hype as there are many motivational aspects and events in the month to look forward to and finally it is a reward reaper. The more you know about Ramadan the more you can apply, hence multiplying your rewards. Step 3 – Make a Ramadan plan Be it reading the entire Quran or ensuring you pray Taraweeh every night; make a list of things you would like to achieve in the month and then how you plan on achieving these goals. It is important that goals are realistic and it is better that your life doesn’t need to entirely take a different road in this month (i.e. take the month off work or change work hours etc.) so that you may continue to do these deeds after Ramadan. Knowing what you want to achieve in the month will help you stay focused. Ensure you plan your day every night before you sleep when Ramadan starts (try to continue this even after Ramadan). Step 4 – Know your life Be aware if Ramadan affects anything that is happening in the month or shortly after. Do you have exams during Ramadan? Or is there a major family wedding after Ramadan within a short time? Moving house? If so, plan for these events from now. Study now so that you are prepared for the exams before the month starts. If moving house, Be packed and ready to go before Ramadan or plan that you do it after so that it doesn’t take time away from your worship. The last thing you want to do is spend Ramadan at the shopping centres. Buy any Eid presents and prepare for any wedding before the month starts. Step 5 – Prepare spiritually We all know that Ramadan is about Fasting, Praying, Reading Quran and giving in charity. Start these worships early; don’t expect to just click into it as soon as the first day of Ramadan starts. Start doing extra prayers from now, start revising and regularly reading Quran now, get used to being generous and follow the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allāh be upon him) and fast during Sha’baan. Step 6 – Prepare your mind Fasting is to refrain from more than just what we consume in our mouth. Start working on your patience, be extra vigilant with your conversations: ensure you are not backbiting, slandering or talking about useless things. Step 7 – Say ‘good riddance’ to bad habits Know what bad habits you have and stop them from now, don’t wait until Ramadan begins. If you sleep late, start sleeping early, if you are a Facebook junky start cutting down, have a coffee craze, slow it down etc. It might sound much easier said than done, but once you’ve committed yourself, purified your intentions – make sincere Dua for guidance. Insha’Allah, these bad habits will be easier to do away with than you ever expected. Step 8 – Plan your life around your worship For instance, instead of working through your prayer or setting up meetings etc. at prayer times, plan that you have a break at prayer time. Don’t take your phone with you to the place you pray at. Rather, forget the world around you as you stand before the Lord of the worlds. May Allah Ta’ala grant us all the ability to reap maximum benefit from this beautiful month, and not be from those who are deprived from seizing this glorious opportunity. Ameen. Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

Ramadan; a divine opportunity for our reformation 'Allamah Muhammad Yusuf Al Binnory (rahimahullah) writes: 'From the beginning of time, Allah Ta’ala selected the month of Ramadan as the season for abundant blessings and divine light (tajalliyat). Whenever Allah Ta’ala sent any gift from the sky for the reformation of humanity, Allah selected the month of Ramadan. The famous books and scriptures of the previous Ambiya were also revealed in this month culminating with the revelation of the Quran. Ramadan is near. During this month divine light (Nur and Tajalli) of Allah will cover everyone, provisions for forgiveness of man will be made. Allah Ta’ala, the most Generous, will increase His generosity. The doors of Jannah will be opened, the gates of Jahannam will be locked. O one who seeks good, go ahead! O one who intends evil, stop! Every night countless sinful people are saved from the blaze of Jahannam. For the reformation and cleansing of the evil soul (nafs), Allah Ta’ala has ordained fasting during the day, so that a believer can acquire the highest stages of taqwa and become close to Allah Ta’ala. During the nights we are encouraged to listen and recite the Quran. By means of the fast, the inner self (nafs) is cleansed and for the enhancement of the soul (ruh), Allah Ta'ala has arranged the recital of the Quran. It is as though in this blessed month, the [inhabitants of] earth are given a chance to link up with the higher ranked Angels in the skies [Al-Malaul A'la].' (Adapted from Basair wa ‘ibar, vol.2 pg.407) al-Miftah

Beloved Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه The Best of the Best Without doubt the closest friend of our Beloved Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam since his youthwas Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu. Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu was truthful, noble, sincere and soft hearted. He keenly felt the sufferings of others and very often helped the poor and the needy, the distressed and downtrodden. He never drank liquor even before Islam. Oh, how excellent was the character of Abu Bakr! Being the first man to accept Islam, Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu shared a closer bond to the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam than any other man. When Islam was presented to him, he immediately accepted the message of Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam without hesitation. Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu delivered the first sermon near the Ka’ba, inviting people to the truth. The disbelievers were enraged by this and fell on the Muslims from all sides. Despite the fact that Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu was considered to be the noblest of all the people in Makkah, he was not spared in the least bit. He was assaulted so severely that blood covered him. He was kicked, thrashed with shoes, trampled and handled most roughly and savagely. So much so that he became unconscious! Just look at the love Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu had for the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam that upon gaining consciousness, his first and only enquiry was regarding the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam. He was not at peace until he knew that the Prophet was safe. His love and respect for Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam was unbounded and unmatched. When Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam returned from the miraculous journey of Mi’raj, those who heard of this incident, went to Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu and asked him if he would believe that Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam had visited Jerusalem, the seven heavens and returned to Makkah in a portion of the night. He immediately replied, “If He (Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam) said so then it is the absolute truth.” For this Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam named him “As-Siddiq” meaning the most truthful and sincere person in Faith. He was given the honour of accompanying Rasullullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam during the hijrah, from Makkah to Madinah. When Nabi Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam informed Abu Bakr that he will accompany Him on this historic event, he began weeping out of joy. He then personally made preparations for the journey. The Qur’aan makes mention of Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu during the hijrah as the second of the two in the cave (of Thour). Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu spent most of his money for the cause of Allah. Whether it was in freeing tortured Muslim slaves at the at the hands of the Kuffar in Makkah, towards various battles and expeditions, or in the construction of Masaajid. In fact, it was none other than Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu who paid for the land wherein Masjid un Nabawi was built in Madinah. Remarkably, he then participated in the construction of the masjid like an ordinary labourer with others. He was the first Khalifah (leader) of the Muslims. His duty was so mammoth, as he being an ordinary man, he had to take over leadership from a Prophet! Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu, proved that he was no ordinary man, but the best of men! He led the Muslims with excellence. He followed the pristine way of Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam like no other. Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu passed away in the year 13 A.H. in Madinah Munawarrah. In fact, even the resting place of Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu is one to marvel at, since he is buried next to the Prophet Sallallahu Alayhi wa Sallam in Masjidun-Nabawi (Madinah). Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Council of Muslim Theologians

5 Ways to Nurture the Bonds of Brotherhood Between Believers The Qur’ān says: ‘The believers are indeed but brothers.’ 49:10 Brotherhood (or sisterhood, as the case may be) is a core principle of Islam. It is a brotherhood obliged by God; it is a brotherhood, the bonds of which are to be rooted in love of God. Islām not only explains the ideals of brotherhood, it lays down practical teachings that help to make it a reality in our daily lives. Such teachings include: 1. Remembering that Allāh has made the life and honour of every believer sacred. It is forbidden to harm a Muslim’s honour or repute, as it is to harm their life or their property. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: ‘Do not envy one another, do not inflate prices one to another, do not turn your backs on one another, and do not undercut one another – but be, O God’s slaves, brothers. A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim: he doesn’t oppress him or forsake him, nor does he lie to him or hold him in contempt. Piety is right here (pointing to his breast, thrice). It is evil enough to hold a brother Muslim in contempt. The whole of a Muslim, for another Muslim, is sacred: his blood, his property and his honour.’ Muslim, no.2564 2. Making it a part of our daily spiritual habit of supplicating for the well-being of Muslims. One hadith says: ‘The du‘ā of a Muslim for his brother [Muslim] in his absence, is always responded to.’ Muslim, no.2733 In fact, so great an act it is, and so sacred is the life of a believer, that the Prophet, peace be upon him, once declared: ‘Whoever seeks forgiveness for the believing men and women, God records for him a good deed for every believing man and woman [he prays for].’ Al-Haythamī, Majma‘ al-Zawā’id, 10:210 3. Devoting some time of our day, each day, in their service (khidmāh) in whatever capacity we can. So dear is this dedication and service to God, that one celebrated hadīth says: ‘God helps His servant as long as the servant continues to help his brother.’ Al-Bukhārī, no.2442; Muslim, no.2580 4. Ensuring not to end the day with rancour in our hearts against any Muslim, but striving to rid ourselves of this toxic disease whenever it arises. The following du‘ā from the Qur’ān is a powerful medicine for such a thing: ‘Our Lord! Forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and leave not in our hearts any rancour towards those who believe. Our Lord! You are Kind, Compassionate.’ 59:10 5. Doing one’s utmost to follow the Golden Rule: ‘None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.’ Bukhārī, no.13; Muslim, no.45 If, however, one is weak in faith and fails to live up to this lofty ideal, then to never fall below the minimum level of behaviour with others – as taught to us by the early pietist, Yahya b. Mu‘ādh al-Rāzī: ‘Let your dealing with another believer be of three types: If you cannot benefit him, do not harm him. If you cannot gladden him, do not sadden him. If you cannot speak well of him, do not speak ill of him.’[1] Allāhumma allif baynā qulūbinā wa aslih dhāta bayninā waj‘alnā min al-rashidīn. Āmīn! ----------------------- 1. Cited in Ibn Rajab, Jami‘ al-‘Ulūm wa’l-Hikam (Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risalah, 1998), 2:283. Naseehah channel on telegram

Relaxing Before Ramadān Some people relax for a few days before Ramadān, intending to busy themselves in ‘ibādah once Ramadān begins. Sometimes this relaxed attitude leads them to sin, with a reassuring feeling that they will make tawbah in Ramadān. Firstly, how do they know they will live to see Ramadān? Secondly, the sin committed may have a negative spiritual impact which may last for the duration of Ramadān, preventing the perpetrator from repenting and doing good deeds, even in the blessed month. Shaykh-ul-Hadīth, Hadrat Mawlānā Muhammad Saleem Dhorat hafizahullāh

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Further reading Death penalty fast facts https://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/19/us/death-penalty-fast-facts/index.html Various methods of execution https://deathpenaltycurriculum.org/student/c/about/methods/hanging.htm